AQA GCSE Biology 2b 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyEnzymes and digestionGCSEAQA Created by: Flamecat101Created on: 22-09-15 10:05 What is an enzyme? A chemical which speeds up chemical reactions in the body - a natural catalyst 1 of 14 What are enzymes made of? Long chains of amino acids, folded to produce a unique shape 2 of 14 What is an active site? A place on the surface of the enzyme which allows it to attach to the reactants to speed up their reaction 3 of 14 What is the molecule that binds to the enzyme called? The substrate 4 of 14 What are the main three factors that affect how enzymes work? Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration 5 of 14 Why does temperature and pH affect enzymes? Because they interfere with the bonds holding the enzyme together 6 of 14 How does substrate concentration affect the rate of reaction? It increases it, until the point of saturation 7 of 14 What happens when an enzyme is denatured? The active site is distorted, meaning the enzyme will no longer work 8 of 14 What is the job of digestive enzymes? To break down large molecules into small ones 9 of 14 What is the job of amylase? To break down starch into sugars 10 of 14 Why do large molecules need to be broken down? So they are small enough to be absorbed 11 of 14 What is a competitive inhibitor? An inhibitor which binds to the enzyme's active site in place of the substrate 12 of 14 What is a non-competitive inhibitor? An inhibitor with a different shape to the reactant, which binds to a point on the enzyme which distorts the active site 13 of 14 How can enzymes be produced industrially? By using fermentation 14 of 14
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