Contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell
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What does cytoplasm do?
Contains enzymes which control the chemical reactions that take place within it
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What does the cell membrane do?
Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
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What do mitochondria do?
Provide energy to the cell from respiration reactions
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What are ribosomes?
Where proteins are made in the cell
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What does the cell wall do?
Supports and strengthens the cell - made of cellulose
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What is contained within the vacuole?
Cell sap
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What are chloroplasts?
Where photosynthesis occurs - contains chlorophyll
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What are the components of a single-cell organism?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and a cell wall
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What's the difference between a single-cell organism and a bacterial cell?
Bacterial cells have no nucleus
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What is diffusion?
The spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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How do substances move in and out of a cell?
By diffusing through the cell membrane
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What is a specialised cell?
A cell which has been differentiated to perform a specific purpose
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What is a tissue?
A group of similar cells which work together to perform a specific function
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What is an organ?
A group of different tissues which work together to perform a function
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What is an organ system?
A group of organs working together to perform a function
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What is the job of xylem and phloem?
To transport water, mineral ions and sucrose around the plant
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What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water => glucose + oxygen
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What does photosynthesis produce?
Glucose
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What is a limiting factor?
A variable that affects the rate of photosynthesis
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Name 3 limiting factors
Light intensity, volume of carbon dioxide and temperature
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Name 4 ways that plants use glucose
For respiration, making cell walls, making proteins and storing in seeds
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What do plants do with excess glucose?
Store it as starch
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What is the distribution of an organism?
Where an organism is found
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What environmental factors affect an organism's distribution?
Temperature; availability of water, oxygen and carbon dioxide, and nutrients; amount of light
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What are the differences between a quadrat and a transect?
A quadrat measures how common an organism is in various sample areas, whereas a transect shows how an organism's distribution changes over a certain area
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What is the population size?
An estimate of how many of a certain type of organism are in a total area based on how many there were in a sample area
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