AQA Biology Paper 2 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyHomeostasisGCSEAQA Created by: IJM22Created on: 06-06-19 11:16 What is homeostasis? Keeping conditions inside your body steady at the right and steady level 1 of 43 Why is homeostasis important? As your cells need the right conditions to work properly 2 of 43 What 3 parts are control systems made up of? Receptors, coordination centres and effectors 3 of 43 What happens if the level is too high? The control system decreases the level 4 of 43 What happens if the level is too low? The control system increases the level 5 of 43 What does the central nervous system consist of? The brain and the spinal cord 6 of 43 What is the central nervous system (CNS) connected to? It is connected to the body by senory neurones 7 of 43 What is the role of the sensory neurone? These carry infomration as electrical impulses from the receptors to the CNS 8 of 43 What is the role of the sensory neurone? Itt carries information from the CNS to effectors 9 of 43 What is the role of the motor neurone? These carry electrical impulses from the CNS to effectors 10 of 43 What are receptors? Cells that detect stimuli 11 of 43 What do effectors? They respond to electrical impulses and bring about a change 12 of 43 Give 2 examples of effectors? Muscles and glands 13 of 43 What are hormones? Chemical messengers sent in the blood 14 of 43 What type of glands are hormones? Endocrine glands 15 of 43 What is the pituitary gland also known as? 'Master gland' 16 of 43 What do ovaries do? Produce oestrogen - it is involved in the menstrual cycle 17 of 43 What do testes do? Produce testosterone - this controls puberty and sperm production in males 18 of 43 What does the throid do? Produces thyroxine - this is involved in regulating things like the rate of metabolsism, heart rate and temperature 19 of 43 What does the adrenal gland do? Produces adrenaline - this is used to prepare the body for a 'fight or flight' response 20 of 43 What does the pancreas do? Produces insulin - this is used to regulate the blood glucose level 21 of 43 What does eating carbohydrates do? Puts glucose into the blood 22 of 43 How is glucose removed by the blood? By cells 23 of 43 What happens when you excerise? A lot more glucose is removed from the blood 24 of 43 How are changes in the blood glucose concentration monitored and controlled? By the pancreas 25 of 43 What happens if the blood glucose concentration gets too high? The pancreas releases the hormone insulin 26 of 43 What does insulin cause? Causes the glucose to move into cells, so it removes glucose from the blood 27 of 43 What can glucose be stored as? Glycogen 28 of 43 Where is glycogen converted? Liver and muscle cells 29 of 43 What does FSH do? Causes an egg to mature in one of the ovaries 30 of 43 What does LH do? Causes the release of an egg to release 31 of 43 What do oestrogen and progesterone do? These hormones are involved in the growth and maintenance of the uterus lining 32 of 43 What are contraceptives? Things that prevent pregnancy 33 of 43 What are hormonal contraceptives? Hormones that can be used in contraceptives 34 of 43 What are chromosomes? Molecules of DNA 35 of 43 What is a DNA molecule made up of? Two strands of DNA coiled together which form a double helix 36 of 43 What is a DNA strand called? Polymer 37 of 43 What is a gene? A small section of DNA found on a chromosome 38 of 43 How are proteins made? By the joining of amino acids 39 of 43 What is a genome? All the genetic material in an organism 40 of 43 How many pairs of chromosomes in every human cell? 23 pairs 41 of 43 What is cystic fibrosis? An inherited disorder of cell membranes 42 of 43 What is a polydactyly? An inherited disorder where a baby's born with extra fingers or toes 43 of 43
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