State of affairs- consists of circumstances ('being') Larsonneur was illegally in the UK.
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Hill v Baxter
Hypothetical Situation e.g a person being attacked by a swarm of bees would not be in control of their actions (involuntarily).
2 of 13
Gibbins v Proctor
OMISSIONS- duty under special relationship.
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R v Pittwood
OMISSIONS- duty through employment act.
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Stone and Dobinson
OMISSIONS- a duty of care created voluntarily.
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R v Dytham
OMISSIONS- "police officers owe a duty of care AT ALL TIMES, whether on duty or off duty."
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R v Miller
OMISSIONS- a duty of care creating a dangerous situation and failed to act and get help for it.
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R v White
FACTUAL CAUSATION- but for D poisoning his mother, she would have suffered the heart attack and died.
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R v Pagett
LEGAL CAUSATION- 'de minimus test'. more than a minimal cause. USING HIS GIRLFRIEND AS A HUMAN SHIELD.
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R v Smith
NOVUS ACTUS INTERVENIENS- 3rd party actions, d's operating and substantial wounds did not break the chain of causation
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R v Cheshire
Only most extreme cases break the chain of causation.
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R v Roberts
Vs actions (jumping out of car) was reasonable and did not break the chain.
12 of 13
R v Blaue
THIN SKULL RULE- victim as you find them. V was a Jehovah Witness and due to this she could not accept blood. This was reasonable and did not break the chain.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Hypothetical Situation e.g a person being attacked by a swarm of bees would not be in control of their actions (involuntarily).
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