Animal Behaviour

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  • Created by: Shannon
  • Created on: 06-04-13 14:55
Define innate behaviour
Pattern of genetically determined behaviour that doesn't require learning or practice
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Define learned behaviour
An adaptive change in response: behaviour based on learning
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What is an escape reflex? Give an example.
When a stimulus causes an automatic response. E.g. Earthworms contract the longitudinal muscles in their body when their heads are touched, and therefore withdraw into their burrow to escape predation.
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What is kinesis? Give an example.
Non-directional movement caused by a stimulus. E.g. Woodlice move rapidly in random directions in dry conditions and slow down once they find an area with damp conditions by chance, maintaining their optimal conditions.
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What is taxis? Give an example.
Directional movement caused by a stimulus. E.g. Woodlice move away from light (negative phototaxis). They are less visible to predators and less liable to dessication.
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What is Habituation?
When an animal learns to ignore a repeated stimulus. The animal learns to ignore a stimuus that's neither beneficial or harmful.
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What is imprinting?
Form of learning to recognise a parent or other complex stimumulus, which is often limited to a sensitive period in an animal's development. It ensure that the infant learns skills from its mother.
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What is classical conditioning?
Form of adaptive learning in which an innate response is modified. The animal learns to respond to a stimulus that's different from the usual response.
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What is operant conditioning?
When an animla learns to carry out a particular action in order to receive an award or to avoid an unpleasant experience.
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What is latent (explanatory) learning?
Behaviour that's not directed towards a particular outcome. Animals explore new surroundings and learn information that has no value at the time, but may become useful at some point.
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What is insight learning?
When an animal learns to integate memoriess of two or more earlier actions (e.g. from latent learning) to produce a new response to gain award.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define learned behaviour

Back

An adaptive change in response: behaviour based on learning

Card 3

Front

What is an escape reflex? Give an example.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is kinesis? Give an example.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is taxis? Give an example.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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