ANIMAL ORGANISATION

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Benedict's test is used to detect sugars.
add solution to food
heat in water bath
green-brick red
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Iodine solution used to test for starch
add iodie to e.g. a peel of potato
turn blue black colour
2 of 10
Biuret test detects protein
add 1cm cubed of biruet solution A to food sample
mix liquids
add 1cm cubed solution B and shake
purple indicates protein present
3 of 10
Sudan III tests for lipids
equal amounts of food and water added to test tube
drops of Sudan III added and shake tube
red stained layer will form
4 of 10
Or use the emulsion test for lipids
ethanol added to tube containing crushed food
liquid poured into second test tube containing water
cloudy liquid indicates prescence of lipids
5 of 10
mouth: begins digestion of carbs
stomach: begins digestion of proteins. small molecules e.g. alcohol abosrbed
small intestine: contrines carb digestion and portein, begins digestion of lipids
large intestine: absorption fo water, egesteion of undigested food
6 of 10
enzymes: biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions
1. substrate collides with active site of enzyme and becomes attatched
-active site has complimentary shape to substrate
2. enzyme catalyses breakdown of substrate
-the fit between the enzyme and substrate is like a lock and key

-enzyme molecule unchange
7 of 10
factors affecting enzyme action:

temp: At low temperatures, the number of successful collisions between the enzyme and substrate is reduced because their molecular movement decreases. The reaction is slow.
pH: Enzymes are also sensitive to pH. Changing the pH of its surroundings will also change the shape of the active site of an enzyme.

Extremes of pH also denature enzymes. The changes are usually permanent.
8 of 10
digestive enzymes:

carbohydrases break down carbohydates --> simple sugars

amylase breaks down starch --> glucose
proteases breaks down proteins --> amino acids

lipases break down lipids --> fatty acids + glucerol
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CARBOHYDRASES:

mouth: salivary amylase(enzyme) salivary glands(where) starch(substrate) maltose(broke down into)

small int.(duodenum) : pancreatic amylase, pancreas, starch, maltose

small int, (ileum) : amylase, ileum wall, maltose, glucose
PROTEASES:

stomach: protease;pepsin, gastric glands/stomach, proteins, begins amino acids

small int, (duo,): protease;trepsin, pancreas, proteins, continues amino acids

small int(ileum) : protease;pepidoes, ileum wall, peptides, completes amino acids
10 of 10

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Iodine solution used to test for starch

Back

add iodie to e.g. a peel of potato
turn blue black colour

Card 3

Front

Biuret test detects protein

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Sudan III tests for lipids

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Or use the emulsion test for lipids

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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