Animal nursing - common medical conditions

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What is Arthritis?
Arthritis is the inflammation of a joint
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of Arthritis in a dog
Lameness and loss of appetite
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How is Arthritis diagnosed?
examination, radiography, joint tap, blood sampling
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How is Arthritis treated?
analgesia, physiotherapy, diet
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What is Colitis
Colitis is inflammation of the Colon
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of Colitis in a cat
Increased frequency of defecating and blood in poo (Haematochezia)
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How is Colitis diagnosed?
Clinical history, Clinical examination, Faecal analysis, Endoscopy
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How is Colitis treated?
Low fat novel protein diet (clotted cheese); small frequent meals; Hygiene
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What is Pancreatitis
It is inflammation of the pancreas
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of pancreatitis
Anorexi, vomiting, diarrhoea
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How is Pancreatitis diagnosed?
Blood sampling, abdominal radiography, Abdominal ultrasound
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How is Pancreatitis treated?
Analgesia, IVFT
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What is Chronic renal failure (CRF) ?
It is the progressive loss and function of the kidneys over a prolonged period of time
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of CRF
Polyuria, Polydipsia, vomiting
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How is CRF diagnosed?
Ultrasound, Renal biopsy, blood sampling, Urinalysis
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How is CRF treated?
IVFT, Antiemetics, Peritoneal dialysis, low protein diet
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What is Urinary tract disease Cystitis?
It is the inflammation of the bladder
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of Urinary tract Cystitis
Polydipsia, Polyuria, Hypertension
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How is Cystitis diagnosed?
Urinalysis, Abdominal ultrasound
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How is Cystitis treated?
Diet, Antibiotics, Anti-inflammatories,
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What is Crystalluria?
It is the formation of stones or calculi in the urinary tract
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of Crystalluria
Polyuria, Polydipsia
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How is Crystalluria diagnosed?
Urinalysis, Abdominal ultrasound
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How is Crystalluria treated?
Diet, urinary catheter, surgical intervention, antibiotics
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What is Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
DM is insufficient production of Insulin in the pancreas, leading to hyperglycaemia
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of DM
Polyuria, weight loss
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How is DM diagnosed?
Urinalysis, blood tests, abdominal ultrasound
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How is DM treated?
Insulin, diet
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What is Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
It is when the body breaks down muscle and fat to supplement the lack of glucose
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of DKA
Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss
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How is DKA diagnosed
Urinalysis, abdominal ultrasound, blood sampling
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How is DKA treated?
Insulin, diet, monitoring closely
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What is Congestive heart failure (CHF)?
It is the inability of the heart to pump inadequate blood to the rest of the body
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It can be 'backed up' in 3 different places, name these:
Space around the lungs (pleural effusia); In the abdomen (Acites) or Directly in the lungs (Pulmonary Oedema)
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What location would be left-sided CHF and right-sided CHF
Left= Pleural effusia and Pulmonary Oedema/ right= ascites
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Give 2 signs/symptoms of CHF
constant panting, coughing at night, weight loss, tachypnea, dyspnea
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How is CHF diagnosed?
Cardiac auscultation, echocardiogram, thoracic radiography, electrocardiogram
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How is CHF treated?
Oxygen therapy, Diuretics, Heart monitoring, Needle drain
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Give 2 signs/symptoms of Arthritis in a dog

Back

Lameness and loss of appetite

Card 3

Front

How is Arthritis diagnosed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How is Arthritis treated?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is Colitis

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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