Animal Behaviour

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  • Created by: Connie
  • Created on: 18-04-16 09:27
What is the difference between learned and innate behaviour?
Innate behaviours are those that are inherited in the genome of an organism. Learned behaviours result from responses that are adapted with the experience of the environment.
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What are the three types of innate behaviour?
Escape reflexes, kineses and taxes.
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Summarise the three types of innate behaviour
Escape reflexes - an involuntary response which functions to avoid predators. Kineses - a non-directional response to a stimulus. Taxes - a directional response to a stimulus.
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What are the six types of learned behaviours?
Habituation, imprinting, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, latent learning and insight learning.
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Summarise habituation
Habituation - animals learn to ignore certain stimuli because repeated exposure to the stimulus results in neither reward nor punishment
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Summarise imprinting
Involves young animals becoming associated with (imprinting on) another organism - usually the parent.
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Summarise classical conditioning
A conditional stimulus (the ringing of the bell in the dog study) leads to a new reflex action called a conditional response (salivating in the dogs, animals learn to relate a pair of events and respond to the first in the anticipation of the second.
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Summarise operant conditioning
An accidental decision (pressing of the lever) resulting in a reward (food) leading to increased frequency of pressing the lever because the animals have associated the operation (pressing the lever)with the reward (food).
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Summarise Latent learning
Animals will explore new surroundings and retain information about their surroundings that is not of immediate use but may be essential to survival at a later time.
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Summarise insight learning
Animals using knowledge they have retained from past experiences to solve problems.
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Give examples of social behaviour in gorillas
Grooming, care of offspring by the mother, communication systems - involving calls, displays and grunts and facial expressions.
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Explain the advantages of social behaviour
Females give birth to one infant at a time, so chances of survival increase, the young learn through observation and play with others, knowledge and protection of food sources is shared within the group, working together allows detection of predators
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Card 2

Front

What are the three types of innate behaviour?

Back

Escape reflexes, kineses and taxes.

Card 3

Front

Summarise the three types of innate behaviour

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the six types of learned behaviours?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Summarise habituation

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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