Anglo-Saxons key battles of 1066

Created by: K Murphy
Created on: 11-03-18 17:26

Causes of the rising against Earl Tostig

Tostig made the people of Northumbria angry. He was friends with the Scottish King, Malcolm III and didn't defend Northumbria against Scottish attacks. In 1061 they caused a lot of destruction and Tostig did not retaliate. Tostig imposed new laws

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Consequences of the Northern rising against Tostig

Harold met with the rebels and agreed that Tostig was to blame for the rebellion. He went against King Edward's command to raise an army against the rebels. Instead he accepted the rebel's demands. They chose Morcar as the new Earl and exiled Tostig.

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William of Normandy

Duke of Normandy. He claimed the throne based on an agreement with Edward the Confessor (so he claimed) and confirmed by Harold's oath to him in 1064, that if Edward died childless, William would have the throne. Got the Pope's backing.

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Harold Godwinson's coronation

6th January 1066, backed by the Witan. As soon as he was coronated, he went to York to make sure he was support from the North. Then he gathered the largest army England had ever seen and placed them on the south coast in preparation for William.

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Harald Hardrada

-Fearsome Viking warrior feared across Europe. -His claim was based on secret deals and treaties.

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Battle of Gate Fulford

20th September 1066. Hardrada's fleet (200-300 ships with 10,00 Vikings) landed at the River Humber and marched up to York. -Their way was blocked by an army led by Morcar and his brother, Edwin. A-S's lost.

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Battle of Stamford Bridge

Harold marched his army north in 5 days- an incredibly short time. - 25th September. Hardrada and Tostig waited at Stamford Bridge for more hostages. Harold launched a surprise attack. - Success for Harold Godwinson. Hardrada and Tostig were killed.

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William's troops

William had 800 knights and 4-6000 foot soldiers. They were a mixture of Normans and mercenaries. Some would have been archers and crossbowmen. They would have had chain mail armour, shields and javelins or swords. Knights- good at charging.

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Harold Godwinson's troops

6-7000 men in total. Unknown how many housecarls he had. Fyrd- men he had hastily gotten together on his trip back from the North. Not all of them had gathered in time for the Battle of Hastings, including the archers.

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Battle of Hastings

14th October 1066.-Harold gained the high ground. The battle lasted for 8 hours - very long for the time. Normans couldn't penetrate the shield wall for a long time. William's feigned retreat allowed them to weaken and break the shield wall.

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Consequences of the Northern rising against Tostig

Card 3

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Card 4

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Card 5

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-Fearsome Viking warrior feared across Europe. -His claim was based on secret deals and treaties.

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Anglo-Saxons key battles of 1066