Anglo-Saxon and Norman England - History GCSE

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What powers did King Edward have?
Law-making, landownership, taxation, fyrd control and control of money (minting and distrubution)
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What was the Witan?
The Witan was a council that advised the king but was not a limitation to his power
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Who were the earls?
The earls were the most important men in the country after the king, they collected taxes from their earldom, oversaw law and order in their earldoms and were the kings 'generals'
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What was King Edwards nickname and why?
Edward the Confessor, he was a very religious leader and always confessed any sins
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Who were Shire Reeves?
Shire Reeves were the Kings representatives in local governments
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What were the 3 social classes in ANGLO-SAXON society?
Thegns, Ceorls and Slaves
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Who were the Godwins?
The dominant family of Anglo-Saxon politics
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What relation did the Godwin's have to King Edward
Earl Godwin's daughter was married to King Edward
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Who were the 4 claimants to the throne?
Harold Gowinson, Edgar Atheling, Harold Hardrada and William Duke of Normandy
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What was Harold Godwinson's claim?
Appointed by King Edward on his death bed. Strength of claim: Strong - Supported by witnesses and the Witan
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What was Edgar Athelings claim?
Royal blood of Edward. Strength of claim: Weak -Edgar was only a teenager and he had nothing to back his claim uo with
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What was Harold Hardrada's claim?
A secret deal amde between 2 vikings. Strength of claim: Weak - however Hardrada was strong and had a large army
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What was Duke William of Normany's claim?
An agreement with King Edward following harold's embassy to Normandy. Strength of claim: Weak - backed by the pope but lacking evidence
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What were the reasons for the Battle of Gate Fulford?
Edwin and Morcar had gathered an army to defend the North. Hardrada and Tostug had also brought an army of 10000 warriors. Open battle at Gate Fulford
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Events of Gate Fulford
Edwin and Morcar were outnumbered, Hardrada flanked the English, Thousand of English troops killed or injured-unable to fight, Hardrada took hostages, Battle over
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Events of Battle of Stamford Bridge
Harold Godwinson gathered troops whilst marching North, his army surprised Hardrada's army at Stamford Bridge, Hardrada and Tostig were both killed
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Which claimant became the King of England after King Edward's death?
Harold Godwinson
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What battle took place in 1066?
The Battle of Hastings
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What main tactic did William of Normandy use in BOH?
Williams army spotted Harold's advancing army and took them by surprise
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What main tactic did Harold use in BOH?
Harold's armywas able to position along the ridge at the top of a hill meaning William had to attack up hill
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What other tactic did William use against the English?
A feigned retreat meant English soldiers left their sheild wall to chase after the Normans, the Normans then surrounded the English and took them down
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Who won BOH?
William Duke of Normandy - King Harold was killed along with his brothers
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The Witan was a council that advised the king but was not a limitation to his power

Back

What was the Witan?

Card 3

Front

The earls were the most important men in the country after the king, they collected taxes from their earldom, oversaw law and order in their earldoms and were the kings 'generals'

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Edward the Confessor, he was a very religious leader and always confessed any sins

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Shire Reeves were the Kings representatives in local governments

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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