Ancient Rome- Age of Augustus- Political and Miltiary

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  • Created by: Heather
  • Created on: 28-04-17 01:12
For the aftermath of Caesar's assassination, how many times was he stabbed?
23
1 of 97
How did Brutus and the other senators justify this?
They said it was to free the Senate and the state from the tyrant Caesar
2 of 97
What was used and dirculated to emphasised this?
Coins
3 of 97
How did coins change to show thye were freeing the state from tyranny?
They used a liberty cap
4 of 97
What did they call themselves to show waht?
They caled themselves the liberators and shows it was done for political reasons
5 of 97
How did the people take this?
They didn't believe their word and werent happy
6 of 97
How did they feel without Caesar?
There was no body in charge and no one knew how to deal with it
7 of 97
What did the Senators decide to do?
Pick new consuls
8 of 97
Were the people happy with this?
No they wanted to give power to his heirs from his will
9 of 97
Who were Caesar's three heirs and their relationship with him
Mark Antony-Caesar's right hand man and master of army-Strong friends, -Lepidus-Caesar's master of cavalry, -Octavian- Caesar's nephew
10 of 97
How was Antony quick witted about the situation?
He realised the public were on their side adn showed himself as a true leader standing in Caesar's step
11 of 97
What was he hold to do with the assassins?
reach an agreement
12 of 97
What was this agreement?
he would give them amnesty and put in high positions in the Provenances
13 of 97
What did he have which claimed to be written by Caesar saying they should be given different countries?
A series of letters
14 of 97
How did the Senate view thus?
They were thankful that he avoided a further Civil war
15 of 97
What were the two different factions in the Senate?
The Republicans Cicero and Brutus and the Trio- Mark antony and Octavian
16 of 97
What debates follow the assassination?
Angry debates in the senate and attempts at conciliation between Brutus and Antony
17 of 97
Where did Antony read out Caesar's will instead of in the Senate as expected? HWy did he do this?
At his funderal, -Led to the public anger
18 of 97
How much did Caesar leave to every member of the Roman populaton and how much was this?
75 denaii- 3 months pay
19 of 97
What were Brutus andd Cassius 'invited# to do?
Leave the city to take up their official positions or fled anyway
20 of 97
How did Antony try to keep the Senate happy?
By abolishing the officer of dictator
21 of 97
What did this leave Antony as?
Sole consul
22 of 97
What was Octavian responsible for and why was this impkrtant?
he distributed money to people- Gave him connection with Caesar
23 of 97
Where did Antony go to deal with one of the assassins and har did Cicero try to do?
-Went to Gaul, -Cicero decided to try and sway Octavian to his side against Antony
24 of 97
What did Cicero push the Seante to give Octavian for what purpose?
Imperium, a great power of a General, specifically to fight against Antony
25 of 97
Give an example of how Cicero went out his way to annoy Antony?
he wrote Philippics against him
26 of 97
What did Cicero want to happen to Antony and an example of thu?
He wanted Antony to be declared a public enemy and denounce him- 15 speeches survive and all feature removing Antony's power
27 of 97
When was Antony made public enemy?
43
28 of 97
Where was he attacked by who?
Mutina in Northern Italy by Hiritus, Pansa and Octavian
29 of 97
What is the result?
Antony loses but escapes- He is not killled or punished
30 of 97
What is the first time this has happened in British history?
Both Hirtius and Pansa, Consuls, have been kiled off in this way
31 of 97
Octavian then marched on Rome. He took charge and what was he made in 43?
Consul at the age of 19
32 of 97
To Cicero's annoyance, what did Octavian do with Antony's decree?
Removes decree on Mark Antony as an enemy of the state
33 of 97
What could this suggest?
Perhaps they were working together to kill the consuls
34 of 97
When was a new triumvirate made and with who?
43BC with Antony and his army, Octavian and his army and Lepidus, his religious side and savalry
35 of 97
What was deliberatley published to give them a unfiied look?
Coins
36 of 97
What list was the first thing they created?
Proscription list
37 of 97
Who was one of the victims and how was he killed and why?
-Cicero, -Head and hands nailed to Rostrum in the Forum where people deliver soeeches- Warning sign to those who speak out against them
38 of 97
What happened to Brutus and Cassisu?
They were declared enemies of the state
39 of 97
When was Caesar deified?
42BC
40 of 97
Who wins in the Battle of Phillippi?
Antony and Octavian defeat brutus and Cassius
41 of 97
What do the Triumvirate do with the country?
Theye split it between themselves
42 of 97
What did Antony gain?
East- Concerned with the parthians and Egyptians after Caesar killed the Egyptian King and Cleopatra made Queen
43 of 97
Before Antony went East, who did he marry and why?
Married OCtavian's sister, Octavia, to cement their alliance
44 of 97
However, how many children did he have with Cleopatra and what happens when thye both die?
4 children, -Octavia looks after them despite having 2 of her own
45 of 97
How does antony's decision to make his base in the East benefit Octavian?
He can make proaganda against Antony saying he is more interested in Eastern lifestyles than the good of Rome
46 of 97
Do the people buy into this?
yes the people get aggrieved with Antony over the next 10 years
47 of 97
When does Lepidus try to overthrow Octavian and why?
36BC-Beleived he was trying too hard to get Rome to be his rather than the Triumvirates
48 of 97
What happened to him?
he is exiled
49 of 97
Are his titles removed?
All of them apart from his Pontifex Maximum role
50 of 97
What does Octavian manage baed on allegiance?
He manages to get some states to swear allegiance to him rather than state as a whole
51 of 97
Although he doesn't want a civil war again, he uses the idea of propoganda through posters showing what?
Uses propoganda to try and show there is a war against the East and Eygpt and defeatin Cleopatra rather than Antony
52 of 97
What happens at the Battle of Atium?
Fleet of Antony and Cleopatra to meetthe fleet of Octavian
53 of 97
Who loses?
Antony and C and armed forces based there surrender
54 of 97
In 30BC, what does Octavian do in Egypt?
he beseiges and captures Alexandria
55 of 97
What happens to A and C?
They commit suicide
56 of 97
When does Octavian return to Rome and celebrates with what?
29Bc, -A triple triumph
57 of 97
What does he release showing his conquering of Egypt?
Coins with a crocidle saying Egypt conquered
58 of 97
What gates did he close and why is this sybmolci?
Gates of Janus- At times of war it would be open but Rome wasn't at war so closed- Hadn't been shut for 200 yeas
59 of 97
What did he make himself?
Princep-First citizen
60 of 97
is this a Dictator?
Alterantive to Dictator- He isn't forcing himself to be Emperor
61 of 97
In 27BC what does he decide with the Senate and his own power?
he decides he is giving power back to the Senate and is just the first person of the Senate rather than ruler
62 of 97
However, what is he granted in Senate?
he is allowed to speak first
63 of 97
What happens with governorship of Egypt?
he retains governership which makes him indispensable in the running of Rome
64 of 97
What does he control based on grain from Egypt which is important hw?
Controls the main grain supply into the city from Egypt so is in control of food - massive power
65 of 97
What did he also retain which meant he couldn't be killed without the God's retributioN?
Tribunician sacrosanctity
66 of 97
What did he retain about his army?
He retained generalship
67 of 97
How did the Senate feel?
They and others felt they had a primary part in the running of Rome so were appease
68 of 97
What did he portray through propoganda?
He is aking Rome how it used to be
69 of 97
What coins design does he have to show this?
A picture of Octavian hepin the Goddess Rome back to her feet
70 of 97
When was Octavian renamed Augustus?
27BC
71 of 97
What is the difficulty with the start of the Empire date?
27BC when Octavian renamed or 30BC when A and C die?
72 of 97
In 27BC, what powers does he play down?
Triumviral powers
73 of 97
What was 'Res publica restituta'?
he renounced all powers and provinces and handed them back to the state and people
74 of 97
Therefore, why was he given the name augustus?
AS an honorific title
75 of 97
After 27BC, what did people begin to do for him?
They began to pray for his spirit to the Gods, like he was one,
76 of 97
For his main powers/ titles, what was his main one?
Princeps (senatus)
77 of 97
What was he also from 31-23BC?
Consul
78 of 97
what powers did he have in Rome an Italy?
Imperium- General powers
79 of 97
Where did he have proconsular imperium over?
Spain, Gaul, Syrua, Cuprus, Egypt,
80 of 97
What censorial powers did he have?
powers to judge the morals of the state and give people moral guidance
81 of 97
What did he refuse the offer of but basically was all these things bu not in name?
He refused dictatorship, consulship for life and censorship
82 of 97
What does he set for the nexr rulers?
A precedent for the Emperors that came after- Those that accept dictator title seen as bad and those that dont are good,
83 of 97
For August and the Senate, what were revisions made to and what did this do?
Senatorial roll Remove those who are seen as a problem to him or the state
84 of 97
What were numbers reduced from adn to in the Senate?
1000 to 600
85 of 97
What did he do to membership for the senate?
increase qualification rate to 1 million sesterces
86 of 97
what did he encourage for rich equestrian families?
To benefit the state rather than keep their wealth
87 of 97
What did he restore based on responsibilties?
Fines for missing Senators and permission reuired to leave Italy
88 of 97
How often were meetings held?
Every 2 months
89 of 97
What did he establish based on meetings and numbers?
He established how many must attend each kind of meeting
90 of 97
What did he do for the prestige of consulship?
he wrote down rules on how to act as a senator.
91 of 97
How did he award consuls?
With special jobs
92 of 97
How did he view new men?
he encouraged mroe to apply
93 of 97
Who did he icnrease reponsibilities for and how?
Praetors- In charge of city, games and festivals and miltiary treasury
94 of 97
hen was his marriage legislation introduced?
18BC-17BC
95 of 97
What was the overall effect of this for the senate?
it was more pretigious and more dignity than over last few years and strengthed political strength,
96 of 97
Although overall whose senate it was it?
it was Augustus' temple- He allowed their existence and organisation and was still head of it,
97 of 97

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How did Brutus and the other senators justify this?

Back

They said it was to free the Senate and the state from the tyrant Caesar

Card 3

Front

What was used and dirculated to emphasised this?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How did coins change to show thye were freeing the state from tyranny?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What did they call themselves to show waht?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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