What is the name of the tick fascia which is located just below the skin on the bottom of the foot?
Plantar aponeurosis
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What are the functions of the plantar aponeurosis?
Prevent movement of the skin on the base of foot, protect contents of plantar section of foot and to support the longitudinal arches of the foot
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Why are the muscles beneath the plantar aponeurosis called internal muscles?
They originate from and insert into bones within the foot
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What are the functions of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
They support the foot arches as they act as dynamic ligaments and they hold the bones of the foot together when walking to prevent splaying of the bones when force is put through them
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What is the intrinsic muscle on the medial side of the food which is attached to the great toe?
Abductor hallucis
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What is the name of the muscle which is attached to the great toe and travels laterally towards the outside of the foot?
Adductor hallucis
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Why are the adductor and abductor muscles of the great toe so large if they do not bring about a large range of motion?
They act during the 'toe off' phase of walking to prevent lateral and medial displacement of the great toe during this (preventing dislocation of the joint)
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Where are the interossei muscles of the foot located?
Deep, between the metatarsal bones
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What movements do the interossei muscles bring about?
Adduction and abduction of the 4 digit of the foot
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What is the main function of the interossei muscles?
to prevent splaying of the bones in the foot when under load
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Which tarsal bone forms the distal part of the ankle joint?
The talus bone
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Which is the tarsal bone which is located below talus (largest one)?
Calcaneus bone (the heel bone)
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Which tarsal bone does the head of the talus articulate with?
Navicular bone
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Which are the 3 smaller tarsal bones which articulate with the 1st 3 digits of the foot?
Cuneiform bones (lateral, intermediate and medial)
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which is the tarsal bone located closest to the 5th digit?
The cuboid bone
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What are the names of the 2 longitudinal arches of the foot?
Medial and lateral
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What is the name of the food arch which runs lateral to medial (across)?
The transverse arch
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What are the arches of the foot supported by?
The intrinsic muscles of the foot, the tendons of the muscles of the leg which insert into the foot and the ligaments of the foot
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What are the functions of the arches of the foot?
Distribution of weight across the foot, shock absorbance, storage of energy when the ligaments stretch which is returned during the toe off phase of walking
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What are the names of the 3 main ligaments which support the longitudinal arches of the foot?
The plantar aponeurosis, the plantar ligaments and the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
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What bones does the plantar ligament hold together?
The calcareous to the metatarsals
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What bones does the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament hold together?
The calcaneus and the navicular bones
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Tendons of what muscles provide the most support to arches in the foot?
Tibialis anterior, fibulas longus and tibialis posterior
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the functions of the plantar aponeurosis?
Back
Prevent movement of the skin on the base of foot, protect contents of plantar section of foot and to support the longitudinal arches of the foot
Card 3
Front
Why are the muscles beneath the plantar aponeurosis called internal muscles?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are the functions of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is the intrinsic muscle on the medial side of the food which is attached to the great toe?
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