Anatomy and Physiology

?
  • Created by: KayshaN
  • Created on: 11-10-18 13:20
When an Oocyte and Sperm fuse what is the cell called?
Zygote
1 of 66
Fill in the blanks.. Implantation involves the ? attaching to the ? and embedding itself in the ?
Blastocyst, Endometrium, Uterus
2 of 66
What are the 3 Germ Layers (gastrulation)?
Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm
3 of 66
What is the primary function of microvilli?
Increased SA
4 of 66
Epithelial cells can also be glands, what is the difference between exodcrine and endocrine glands?
Exocrine secrete into ducts, endocrine directly into blood
5 of 66
What is this secretion mechanism, 'cell containing, accumulates, has to die, lysis to be secreted'?
Holocrine
6 of 66
What type of stem cell does connective tissue originate from?
Mesenchymal
7 of 66
What are the 3 main types of connective tissue?
Supportive, Connective, Fluid
8 of 66
Type III Collagen, smaller diameters, branching network around fats scaffolding in soft organs
Reticulin
9 of 66
Formed in bone marrow, histamine released, stop blood clots.
Mast Cells
10 of 66
Which mechanism do hormones NOT cause activty?
Increasing production response
11 of 66
What happens if a homrone is an agonsit?
Causes something to occur
12 of 66
Converting receptor activation into a cellular reponse is called?
Signal Transduction Cascade
13 of 66
Ligand binds to receptor, thousands of cells switched on?
Amplification Cascade
14 of 66
How do hydrophobic hormones move through the body?
Reversible hormone-protein complex
15 of 66
Conformational Change, ligand binds actvated enzymes?
Intrinsically Enzymatic Receptors
16 of 66
Conformational change of receptor activates phosphorylation of target protein?
JAK Kinase
17 of 66
Three subunits, ligand conformational change, alpha sub unit binds to protein
G-coupled Receptor
18 of 66
What is clearence rate?
the rate at which hormone levels are removed from the blood
19 of 66
Horomones derived from cholestrol, hydrophobic, difficult to transport?
Steroid
20 of 66
What does tyrosine derive?
epinephrine and norepinphrine
21 of 66
Made of chains of amino acids, hydrophillic, several steps roughER, Smooth ER
Peptide
22 of 66
Why is a peptide hormone produced and bits cut off?
mature hormone very effective, would work in the cell
23 of 66
What does Oxytoxin do?
important in pregnancy, contraction of the uterus
24 of 66
What is the sturture that bridges between the anterior and posterior?
Infundibulum
25 of 66
Which area does the posterior pituitary originate from?
Neural Ectoderm
26 of 66
Which hormone do the Pinealocytes secrete?
Melatonin
27 of 66
What is the bridge over te Thyroid and Parathyroid called?
Isthmus
28 of 66
What substance is the thyroid hormone stored in?
Colloid
29 of 66
Which cells produce colloid?
Principle
30 of 66
What kind of feedback involves the Prinicple Cells and TSH?
Negative
31 of 66
What is added to Thyroglobulin to activate it?
Iodine
32 of 66
What is T3 made up of?
Mono-iodotyrosine and Di-iodityrosine
33 of 66
How does Thyroid Hormone have an impact?
Into cytoplasm, act as transcription factor
34 of 66
Parafollicular cells produce Calcitonin, what does it do?
Reduce calcium levels in the blood
35 of 66
What cells make up the Parathyroid Gland?
Chief and Oxyphil
36 of 66
What is the function of Parathyroid Hormone?
regulates mineral homestasis
37 of 66
What do oxyphil cells resemble?
Fried Egg
38 of 66
Zona Glomerulosa?
Mineral Corticoids
39 of 66
Zona Fasciculata?
Glucocorticoids
40 of 66
Zona Reticularis?
Sex Hormones
41 of 66
Mineral Corticoids?
essentail to life, aldosterone blood pressure
42 of 66
Glucocorticoids?
role in stress response, cortisol gluconeogenesis
43 of 66
Sex Hormones?
female development, DHEA
44 of 66
What section of the Adrenal Gland harbours the 3 layers?
Adrenal Cortex
45 of 66
What hormones does the Adrenal Medulla prodcue?
Adrenaline and Noradrenaline
46 of 66
What cells produce Adrenaline and Nor?
Chromaffin
47 of 66
What are the different receptors for Adrenaline and Noradrenaline?
Alpha Beta
48 of 66
In the pancrease, alpha cells produce?
Glucagon
49 of 66
What do the Delta cells produce?
Somatostatin
50 of 66
What are the components of the Renal Corpuscles?
Bowmans Capsule and Glomerulus
51 of 66
Which are the correct strutures to see in the Renal Cortex?
PCT, DCT
52 of 66
What is the fucntion of a podocyte?
Additional Filters
53 of 66
What are the brush border and rich mitrochondria needed for on the PCT?
Reabsorption of glucose
54 of 66
Hormone secreting cells that are formed when the DCT contacts the afferent/efferent arteriole are forms muscula densa tissue?
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
55 of 66
Volume of plasma from which a substance is completely removed by the kidney in a time?
Renal Clearence
56 of 66
What does a barorecptor detect?
pressure
57 of 66
Where are the renal barorecptors situtated?
Juxtaglomerular cells
58 of 66
What do Macula Densa cells relases in response to a decrease in sodium chloride?
Protaglandins
59 of 66
What is the function of Prostaglandins?
Activate Juxtaglomerular cells
60 of 66
What is the role of Renin?
Cleave angiotensiagen to angiotensin I
61 of 66
Which enzymes catalyses angiotensin I to angiontensin II?
ACE
62 of 66
What type hormone is Aldosterone and where is it secreted from?
Steroid, Adrenal Cortex
63 of 66
How does Aldosterone pose an effect on the cell?
Transcription Factor
64 of 66
Aldosterone activates Sodium-potassium pumps in the colecting ducts, but in which cells?
P cells
65 of 66
What is Tubulogomerular Feedback?
Macula Densa detect decrease GFR, dilate afferent
66 of 66

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Fill in the blanks.. Implantation involves the ? attaching to the ? and embedding itself in the ?

Back

Blastocyst, Endometrium, Uterus

Card 3

Front

What are the 3 Germ Layers (gastrulation)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the primary function of microvilli?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Epithelial cells can also be glands, what is the difference between exodcrine and endocrine glands?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Other resources:

See all Other resources »See all Anatomy and Physiology resources »