Amino acids and proteins.

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What are the two types of proteins?
Globular and Fibrous.
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What elements do proteins and amino acids contain?
Hydrogen, Oxygen Carbon, Nitrogen and sometimes Sulphur.
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What are globular proteins?
Proteins that have a specific 3D shape.
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Examples of Globular proteins.
Enzymes, haemoglobin, antibodies.
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What are fibrous proteins?
Proteins that are used to construct connective tissues.
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Examples of Fibrous proteins?
Collagen and Keratin.
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What are proteins?
Polymers which are formed by joining many amino acids together, by the condensation reaction, forming a peptide bond.
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How many different types of amino acids are there?
20
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How are dipeptides formed?
The hydroxyl (OH) group from one amino acid reacts with the hydrogen (H) from the amino group on the second amino acid. Forming a peptide bond with the removal of water.
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Describe the primary structure of a protein.
The number and sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. (Peptide bonds)
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Describe the secondary structure of a protein.
The polypeptide chain folds into beta pleated sheets or coils into alpha helix's. (Hydrogen bonds)
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Describe the tertiary structure of a protein.
Folds into a 3D shape held together by bonds between the R groups. Contains hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds between oppisitely charged R groups, disulphide bridges between sulphur containing R groups (e.g Cysteine).
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What is the strongest bond in the tertiary structure?
Disulphide bridges, they are covalent bonds and don't break at high temperatures.
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Describe the quaternary structure of a protein.
2 or more polypeptide chains chemically bonded,
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Example of a protein with a quaternary structure.
Haemoglobin, 4 polypeptide chains.
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What is the general structure of an amino acid?
.
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How do amino acids differ?
They have different R groups.
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Diagram of a dipeptide.
.
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What is the test for proteins? (amino acids)
Biuret test. Add the biuret regent. Positive result: Purple/lilac.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What elements do proteins and amino acids contain?

Back

Hydrogen, Oxygen Carbon, Nitrogen and sometimes Sulphur.

Card 3

Front

What are globular proteins?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Examples of Globular proteins.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are fibrous proteins?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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