Before the whites arrived there were no horses so buffalo were hunted either using bows and arrows, or by forcing a herd over a cliff. Later on they were hunted on horseback and in the nineteenth century guns were sold to the Indians so these were u
12 of 30
What effects did changes in hunting methods have on the Indian population?
When buffalo were hunted on foot, Indian population was very low because there was not much meat to go around. WIth the arrival of horses, Indian population increased and when guns were introduced the population rose further to about 2,00,000.
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Roughly how many families were there in each band?
Between 10 and 50.
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What were the jobs of the men?
To look after the horses, defend the camp and hunt the buffalo
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What were the jobs of the women?
To look after the tipi and the children, to organise food and collect water, to make clothing and to decorate possessions.
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What was exposure and why did it happen?
When the old and sick were left behind to die when the group moved on. It happened becasue it was more important to provide food for teh whole tribe than to look after one person.
17 of 30
Describe how Indian society was made up.
Each band belonged to a tribe, and several tribes made up a nation.
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What was the role of the chief?
To offer advice.
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What was the most severe punishment?
To be driven out from the band because it was almost impossible to survive on your own on the Plains.
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How was law and order enforced?
Decisions were taken by the group as a whole. Wrongdoers were punished by the band.
21 of 30
Describe Indian beliefs about spirits
They believed that everything - animals, birds, fish, landscape features, had a spirit and should therfore be treated with respect. They also believed in a Great Spirit, who created the earth and gave life to everything.
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What did the plains Indians believe about land?
It could not be bought, owned or sold because it all belonged to the Great Spirit
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Why was the circle important?
Because it was a symbol of the circles of life - the circle of the seasons, the circle of the moon and the sun and the circle of life and death.
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What did women use their visions for?
To learn about healing
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Where did young men often get their adult name from?
From the animal they saw in visionswhile they were on tgheir own
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How did the plains Indians contact the spirit world?
Through visions - women when they had their first period and men in sweat lodges or out from the band on their own. And through dances.
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Describe Indian beliefs about nature
They believed that you should only take from nature what you need so there is always enough for tomorrow and that they should change their way of life to suit nature.
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How were the beliefs of the Indians different from the beliefs of the whites?
The Indians wanted to work with nature and be careful with it, and they didn't believe in owning land. The whites claimed land for their own and bought and sold it, and they exploited nature for their own purposes.
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Which society was more equal - the Indians' or the whites'?
The Indians'. EVeryone did similar tasks, wore similar clothes, and lived in similar tipis.
30 of 30
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Where in America are the great plains?
Back
In the middle, a long way from the sea
Card 3
Front
What is the climate and landscape like on the great plains?
Back
Card 4
Front
Why is the term "Indians" used to refer to the Native Americans?
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