Polygamy, Preaching, People of God, Property of the Church, Political Power
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What did Mormons call non-Mormons?
Gentiles
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Why were the Mormons persecuted?
Polygamy was thought as immoral & would lead to growing numbers on Mormons, preaching annoyed gentiles, thought of a arrogant as "People Of God", feared Mormons taking over gov.
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Where did the Mormons first settle?
Kirtland, Ohio
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What did the Mormons do in Kirtland and what happened?
Founded a bank that many non-Mormons used as they thought their money would be invested in God, went bankrupt and everyone lost thier money - Mormons were blamed and driven out & Joseph Smith was tarred and feathered
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Where did the Mormons settle after Kirtland?
Missouri
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Who did the Mormons mix with in Missouri and why was this thought as bad?
Black people, gentiles feared overpopulation
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What did the gov. do in Missouri?
issued an extermination order
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Where did the Mormons settle after Missouri?
Nauvoo, Illinois
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What did the Mormons do in Nauvoo?
Built a bigger town around the town Commerce and it grew rapidly, then gained a charter which allowed them to run Nauvoo as an independent state
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What was the revelation from God that Joseph Smith had and when?
He should introduce polygamy, 1844
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What was the gentile's opinions of Joseph Smith's revelation?
Thought it was wrong and feared Mormon overpopulation
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What were the consequences of Joseph Smith's revelation?
Some Mormons criticised him as they thought it was wrong - denounced him a false prophet
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What happened in Nauvoo that annoyed the gentiles even more?
Joseph Smith announced his intention to stabd for US president - gentiles feared Mormons taking over
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What was the consequence of the gentile's annoyance?
Joseph Smith was thrown in jail then shot and killed by an angry mob of 200 in 1845
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Who was the new Mormon leader after Joseph Smith and what did he decide to do?
Brigham Young, move west
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Why did the Mormons move west?
Brigham Young wanted to take the Mormons somewhere so isolated that no-one would choose to persecute them
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When did Brigham Young decide to leave Nauvoo?
Sept. 1845
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Where did the Mormons go after Nauvoo?
The Great Salt Lake
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What was appealing about the GSL?
Belonged to Mexico - outisde control of US gov., guidebooks talked of streams fed by snow & good soil and grass - potential to grow food
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What preprations were made during the winter for the journey to the GSL?
Built agons, collected equipment and gathered food supplies
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What other preparations were made for the journey to the GSL?
Pioneer band sent first to set up camps along the way, plant crops, mark out the routes for the rest of the Mormons to follow
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Why did the rest of the Mormons have to leave without being fully prepared?
Gentiles started looting thier homes in Nauvoo
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What was a consequence of leaving early?
Had to build Winter Quarters
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How did the Mormons successfully cross the Plains?
Split into bands of 100 - then split into 10 wagons groups (each equipped with a loaded rifle) and a leader, everyone did things at the same time via a bugle, taught to cirlce wagons in two line for protection against attack
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What were the problems in GSL?
Lack of water supply, lack of building materials, weren't enough people for community to be self-sufficient, no private ownership of land - church assigned farmland according to people's needs
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How did the Mormons over come the lack of rain?
Developped irrigation systems using snow water from the mountains
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How did the Mormons overcome the lack of building materials?
Built houses out of mud bricks - "sun dried houses"
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How did the Mormons overcome the lack of poeple?
Brigham Young called Mormons from all over the World to come to Salt Lake - offered to pay for their passage through the Perpetual Emigration Fund - resulted in many Mormons coming to the GSL
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What happened in 1848?
Salt Lake Valley was handed over by MExico and became Utah, territory of the USA - no access to the sea & no independence but BY became govenor
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What was the Mounatin Meadow Massacre and when was it?
1857, 140 gentiles passed through Mormon land and were massacred
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What inhibited Utah from becoming a state and how was this overcome?
It practised polygamy, Young died in 1866 and Mormons abandoned polygamy in 1890 - Utah made a state in 1896
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