Addition reactions e.g. Hydrogenation Hydration, Observation
Double bond opens to form single bonds. Reacts with hydrogen to make alkanes. Reacts with water to make alcohols. Reacts with halogens to make halogenoalkanes.
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Fermentation of Alcohols Equation, symbol:
C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO
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Fermentation of Alcohols Equation, word:
glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
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Making Alcohols by hydration of alkenes
C2H4 + H2O ------------→ C2H5OH
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Alcohols:
...
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Uses of alcohols
Solvent in perfumes, Disinfectant in hand gels, Fuel for cars (biofuel – fuel from plants)
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Properties of Alcohols
Dissolve in water, pH 7
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Reaction with sodium
Less reactive than with water but hydrogen is formed (bubbles), Metal skates around surface
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Reaction with oxygen
Complete combustion
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Oxidation
Oxidising agent changes colour and a carboxylic acid is made
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