Alkanes and Alkenes

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  • Created by: Meggan
  • Created on: 24-09-13 21:19
What's a hydrocarbon?
Molecules containing hydrogen and carbon atoms ONLY
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What are 3 features of a homologous series?
1) same general formula 2) trends in physical properties 3) same chemical properties
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What does saturated mean?
SINGLE bonds
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What sort of bonds do alkenes have?
Double covalent bonds
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Which are more reactive; alkanes or alkenes?
Alkenes - double bond can be 'opened up'
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General formula for alkanes?
Cn H2n+2
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General formula for alkenes?
Cn H2n
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What is an Isomer?
Something with the same molecular formula, but different structual forumla
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What 2 reactions do alkanes do?
1) Combustion 2) Substitution reactions
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What products are made in complete combustion? (plenty of oxygen)
Carbon dioxide and water (+lots of energy)
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What products are made in incomplete combustion? (little oxygen)
Carbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water (+little energy)
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Where do alkanes get their energy from in substitution reactions?
U.V. light
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What are the products of reacting methane with the halogen bromine?
Bromomethane + hydrogen bromide
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What sort of reactions do alkenes undergo?
Addition Reactions
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What product do you get when reacting ethene and bromine?
1,2 - Dibromoethane
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What's the test for alkenes?
Decolourising bromine water from reddish-brown to colourless
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Why do we crack hydrocarbons?
To get shorter hydrocarbon chains as they are more useful
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What sort of reaction is cracking?
Thermal Decompositon
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What conditions are needed for cracking?
600-700 degrees C, and a catalyst e.g. alumina or silica
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How do you pass the large hydrocarbons over a catalyst in cracking?
Vaporise them
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are 3 features of a homologous series?

Back

1) same general formula 2) trends in physical properties 3) same chemical properties

Card 3

Front

What does saturated mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What sort of bonds do alkenes have?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which are more reactive; alkanes or alkenes?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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