Alcohols and their reactions

Heat under reflux

Alcohols and their reactions

Dehydration of alcohols

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  • Created by: Solz
  • Created on: 21-02-14 13:23
What is a Phenol
A hydroxyl group bonded to an arene
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What is a secondary alcohol
One that has two carbon atoms bonded to the carbon that the hydroxyl group(OH) is attatched to
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Tertiary alcohol
One that has 3 carbon atoms attatched to the carbon that the OH is bonded to
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Primary
Has on carbon directly attatched to the carbon that is attatched to the OH group.
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What are the possible products of oxidation of alcohols
ALDEHYDE, CARBOXYLIC ACID AND KETONE
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What are the reagents and conditions(what is added and done) in the oxidation of a primary alcohol
Acidified dichromate is added and the product is collected by distillation. Under partial Oxidation/
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What are product of the oxidaton of a primary alcohol
Aldehyde and carboxylic
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what reagents and conditions are involved in the oxidation of a primary alcohol to produce a carboxylic acid(COOH)
Excess Acidified dichromate and heat under reflux
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How are secondary alcohols oxidised(reagents&condition)
Excess Acidified Dichromate and heated under reflux
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What is the product from the oxidation of a secondary alcohol
A ketone
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What is the product of the oxidation of a Tertiary alcohol?
NONE ,CAN'T .
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Why is it useful to heat under reflux
It allows reactions with volatile liquids to boil for longer periods of time to increase the rate and there by the yield
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Name the 5 key parts of the reflux apparatus
Water in , Water out, the condenser, reaction mixture and the Anti-bumping granuels
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What is the purpose of the condenser
It ensure any vapours are condensed to liquid and falls down into the vessel.
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How should the condenser be fitted
Verticallly over the vessel
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Benefits of the condenser
Avoids loss of reactants/products . Avoids risk of fire due to flammable vapour.Avoids risk of health problems due to toxic vapours
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Define an Elimination Reaction
A reaction in which one or more atoms or group of atoms are lost from a molecule
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Define dehydration
An elimination reaction in which water is removed from a saturated molecule(Alkane) to make an unsaturated molecule(Alkene).
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What are the product of dehydration of an alcohol
An Alkene + Water
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What molecules are lost in the dehydration of alcohols
H20 water from the alcohol is lost ( A OH AND H)
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Describe the reagents and conditions of dehyration of alcohols in the LAB
Heat under reflux and concentrated supfuric acid
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Describe the reagents and conditions of dehyration of alcohols in INDUSTRY
Alcohol is passed over ALUMINA(AL203) catalyst at 300 degrees HIgh temperature.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a secondary alcohol

Back

One that has two carbon atoms bonded to the carbon that the hydroxyl group(OH) is attatched to

Card 3

Front

Tertiary alcohol

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Primary

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the possible products of oxidation of alcohols

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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