Alcohols, Haloalkanes and analysis

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  • Created by: Kat098
  • Created on: 05-04-18 15:57
Primary alcohols
An OH group attached to an end of a chain
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Secondary alcohols
An alcohol gorupoattached to a carbon with two alkyl chains attached
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Tertiary alcohols
An alcohol group attached to a carbon with three alkyl chains
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Oxidation
The loss of electrons, loss of hydrogen, gain of oxygen or an increase in oxidation number
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Esterification
A chemical reaction which forms an ester
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Esters
Organic compounds that contain a -COOR functional group (-o-)
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Halide subsitution
A halide taking the place of an alcohol group to form a haloalkane
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Nucleophilic subsitution
A chemical reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is exchanged for a nucleophile
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Nucleophile
Electron pair donator (-)
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Hydrolysis
A chemical reaction where water is a reactant and OH- ions displace a halide
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Quickfit apparatus
heat resistant glasswear with connectors that can be easily put into a variety of arrangements
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Fractional Distillation
A seperating technique used to seperate miscible liquids or solutions
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Reflux
A technique used to stop reaction mixtures boiling away into the air
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Redistillation
The purification of a liquid using multiple distillations
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Infrared spectroscopy
Analytical technique that utilises a substances behaviour on absorbing infrared radiation and produces a spectrim that can be used tp identifty functional groups
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Mass Spectromety
An analytical technique that helps to identify the amount and type of chemicals in a sample by measuring the mass-to-charge ratio and abundance of gas-phase ions
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Fragmentation
Processes in mass spec. that causes a positive ion to split into pieces, one of which is a positive fragment ion
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Carbonyls
Moleucle containing C=O functional group
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Carboxylic acid
Moelcule containing COOH functional group
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Reduction
the gain of electrons, gain of hydrogen, loss of oxygen, decrease in oxidation number
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Seperating funnel
A piece of equiptment used to seperate immiscible liquids
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Cracking
Complicated organic molecules are broken down into simpler molecules by breaking their carbon-carbon bonds.
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Reforming
A processing technique where the molecular structure of a hydrocarbon is rearranged to alter its properties
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Isomerisation
A process when one molecule is transformed into another molecule which has exactly the same atoms, but the atoms have a different arrangement
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

An alcohol gorupoattached to a carbon with two alkyl chains attached

Back

Secondary alcohols

Card 3

Front

An alcohol group attached to a carbon with three alkyl chains

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The loss of electrons, loss of hydrogen, gain of oxygen or an increase in oxidation number

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A chemical reaction which forms an ester

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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