a strong and contented attachment of an infant to his/her caregiver, which develops as a result of sensitive responding by the caregiver and the infants needs
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true or false? securely attached infants are comfortable with social interaction and intimacy
true
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what is insecure attachment?
develops as a result of a caregiver's lack of sensitive responding to the infant's needs. associated with poor subsequent cognitive and emotional development
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what are the two types of insecure attachment?
insecure avoidant and insecure resistant
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what is insecure avoidant?
type of attachment that describes children who tend to avoid social interaction and intimacy with others
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what is insecure resistant?
infants that both seek and reject intimacy and social interaction
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what was the aims of ainsworth's study?
produce a method for assessing the scrutiny of infants attachment by placing the infant in a mildly stressful situation and observing the attachment behaviours that result
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what was the procedure of ainsworth's study?
took place in labs. the original p's were american infants aged between 12 and 18 months and their caregiver.
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who was the third person in the study?
a stranger, same one used all the time
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how long did the procedure last for?
just over 20mins
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how and what was the infant's behaviour observed?
closely, to assess the infants level of exploring, playing and distress behaviours at separation and reunion with the caregiver, and when left with the stranger
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how many stages were there?
8
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what happened in the first stage?
30 seconds, caregiver, infant and researcher. research brings in c.g in room and then leaves
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what happened in the second stage?
3 mins, caregiver and infant, caregiver sits, infant is free to explore the room
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what happened in the 3rd stage?
3mins, caregiver+infant+stranger, stranger comes into room, after a while talks to the caregiver and then the infants c.g leaves
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what happened in the 4th stage?
3 mins, infant and stranger, stranger keeps trying to talk and play with the infant
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what happened in the 5th stage?
3 mins, infant and caregiver, stranger leaves as c.g. returns. at the end of this stage the c.g. leaves
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what happened at the 6th stage?
3 mins, infant alone in the room
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what happened in the 7th stage?
3 mins, infant and stranger, stranger returns and tries to interact with the child
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what happened at the 8th stage?
3 mins, caregiver and infant, caregiver returns and interacts with the infant, stranger leaves
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in what situation would the experiment would have shortened?
if the infant became severely distressed in a particular stage, that stage was shortened
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what percentage of the infants were securely attached?
66%
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what kind of relationship does securely attached infants have?
harmonious and cooperative
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what was the infants willingness to explore
high
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what level of stranger anxiety did securely attached childs have?
high
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what was the infants reaction when reunited with the caregiver?
enthusiastic
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did they have separation anxiety?
yes, some
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what percentage of the children were insecure avoidant?
22%
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true or false? avoid social interaction and intimacy with others
true
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how do they treat strangers?
the same as caregiver
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what was the infants willingness to explore
high
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what level of stranger anxiety did they have?
low
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was there any separation anxiety?
little/none
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what was the infants reaction when reunited with the caregiver
avoids contact on reunion
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what percentage of the infants were insecure resistant?
12%
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true or false? they both seek and reject intimacy and social interaction
true
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what was the infants willingness to explore
low
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what level of stranger anxiety did they have?
high
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was there any separation anxiety?
yes, very distressed
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what was the infants reaction when reunited with the caregiver
seeks and rejects reunion from caregiver (angrily resisting being picked up)
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what was the conclusion of this study?
secure attachment is more likely to be most common and preferred type of attachment in North America
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true or false? securely attached infants are comfortable with social interaction and intimacy
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