Ag science lecture 16 - the ruminant digestive tract 4.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? AgricultureRuminant digestive tractsUniversityNone Created by: Joe CluleyCreated on: 10-05-15 17:36 Name 3 farmed animal ruminent species Cow, sheep, goat. 1 of 43 Define a 'Ruminant' An even toed ungulate mammal that chews the cud regurgitated from its rumen. 2 of 43 Define the teeth of a ruminant Specialised to cope with a high proportion of organic matter. No upper incisors (hard incisors) 3 of 43 When is saliva produced? All the time with NO digestive enzymes. High PH. 4 of 43 What is the purpose of rumination? Decrease particle size for microbes. Increase saliva production to buffer rumen acidity. 5 of 43 What type of the tissue is the esophagus constructed out of? muscular tissue 6 of 43 Do ruminants have a crop? no. 7 of 43 WHat is the process called that moves a food bolus down the esophagus form the pharynx to the stomach? Peristalsis 8 of 43 Is peristalsis homo or bi directional? bi 9 of 43 What is the purpose of rumination? decrease particle size for microbes. increase saliva production to buffer rumen activity. 10 of 43 Which order is the 4 stomachs in a ruminant? Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum. 11 of 43 4 characteristics of the rumen? Located next to the heart. Honeycomb appearance. Muscular pillars. Fermentaion vat primarily for anaerobic respiration. 12 of 43 is the rumen functional at birth? no. 13 of 43 4 functions of the rumen Storage. Soaking. Phyical mixing and breakdown. Fermentation 14 of 43 Name 2 things which are synthesized in the rumen? Vitamins. amino acids (proteins) 15 of 43 Do the microbes in the rumen have a long or short life span? short. 16 of 43 What two types of microbes exist within the rumen? Starch fermentors. cellulose/roughage fermentors. 17 of 43 What does the microbial population and type depend upon? diet. 18 of 43 Why is maintaining a healthy mixture of microbes in the rumen good? It is essential for rumen function. 19 of 43 3 main end products of fermentation in the gut. volatile fatty acids. Ammonia. Gases. 20 of 43 Do the volatile fatty acids contain energy? Yes - they are the main source of energy for the cow. 21 of 43 what is ammonia used for as a bi product of rumination? used to manufacture microbial protein 22 of 43 What is the gases used for after rumination? Expelled, wasted energy. 23 of 43 What can rapid changes in diet lead to? upset microbes in the rumen.Changes fermentation patterns. Reduced forage digestion. 24 of 43 2 Omasum characteristics? Big tissue folds internally. No digestive enzymes. 25 of 43 What is the function on the Omasum? Reduce particle size of food to increase surface area. Absorb some water. 26 of 43 How many and what are the enzymes that are secreted by the Abomasum. They are collectively know as gastric juice. renin. Lipase. HCI. Pepsinogen. Mucus. 27 of 43 What are these gastric juices similar too? The ones found in a monogastric. 28 of 43 Which part of the intestine does the pancreas secrete digestive enzymes into? duodenum. 29 of 43 What 3 digestive enzymes does the pancreas produce? Lipase, Peptidases, amylase. 30 of 43 Where is bile produced? Liver 31 of 43 Where is bile stored? Gall bladder. 32 of 43 Where is bile secreted into? Duodenum - Small intestine. 33 of 43 What is the function of bile? To emulsify. 34 of 43 Ruminant animals are born with an esophagal grove - what is its function? This bypasses the retisulum, rumen and omasum in suckling young animals. Milk goes to the abomasum. 35 of 43 When milk is drunk, which chamber of the stomach does it enter? Abomasum. 36 of 43 What 3 enzymes cause the milk to clot in the abomasum? Rennin, pepsin, hydrochloric acid. 37 of 43 What happens to the whey (vits, mins, lactose, whey protiens) when the milk clots and seperates? quickly moves to the small intestine where it is quickly absorbed. 38 of 43 what is burping otherwise known as? Eructation. 39 of 43 What are two prouducts of eructation? Carbon dioxide and methane. 40 of 43 What can occur if the ruminant does not belch? Bloat. 41 of 43 What can lead to bloat? Not eructating and a legume rich pasture for ruminants at grass. 42 of 43 4 Clinical signs of bloat Abdominal distention. Reluctant to move. Vocalisation and anxiety. Respiratory distress. 43 of 43
Comments
No comments have yet been made