Additional physics flashcards

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Name some safety options that increase the time which momentum changes
Crumple zones, side impact Bars, seat belts and air bags
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How do crumple zones work
Kinetic energy is converted into other forms as it changes shape, increase impact time which decreases the force due to change in momentum
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How do side impacts work
They are strong metal tubes fitted into car door panels. Keeps direct kinetic energy away from the passenger into other parts of the car
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How do seat belts work
Increase time for the wearer to stop which reduces the forces acting on the chest. Kinetic energy is also absorbed as the seat belt stretches.
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How do air bags work
Slow you down more gradually and prevent you from hitting hard surfaces inside the car
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Smoke detectors use of alpha radiation. How does it work
A weak source of Alpha radiation is placed between 2 electrodes in the detector. The source is ionising and a current flows between the electrodes. If there is a fire, the smoke absorbs the radiation which stops the current and the alarm sounds
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What is a use of beta radiation? Describe how it works
Monitors thickness of materials such as paper, plastic and aluminum. The thicker the material the more radiation is absorbed by the material as less is detected. This sends signals to the instrument to adjust the thickness
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Name the uses of gamma radiation
Radiotherapy and sterilisation of food and surgical instruments
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How does radiotherapy work
Gamma rays can kill all living cells so it's perfect for killing cancer cells if a high doseage is applied. However it needs to be the right doseage to kill the cancer cells without damaging your own normal cells
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How does sterilisation of food and surgical equipment work
The food and surgical instruments need to be put in a sealed plastic bag and Then the gamma radiation will kill the microbes which keeps the food stay fresh for longer. Also surgical instruments are sterilised the same way.
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What are the advantages of using gamma rays to sterilise food and surgical equipment
-no need for high temperatures unlike boiling -the food isn't radioactive after so it's safe to eat -it doesn't damage the food or equipment
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How do crumple zones work

Back

Kinetic energy is converted into other forms as it changes shape, increase impact time which decreases the force due to change in momentum

Card 3

Front

How do side impacts work

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How do seat belts work

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How do air bags work

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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