Adaptation and Natural Selection

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  • Created by: Om4r
  • Created on: 08-06-19 16:01
What is Adaptation?
A Characteristic that enhances survival in the habitat
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What are anatomical adaptations?
Structural features
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What are behavioural adaptations?
The ways that behaviour is modified for survival
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What are Physiological adaptations?
Adaptations affecting the way that processes work
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What will a well adapted organism be able to do?
Find enough food or photosynthesise well, find enough water, defend itself from predators and diseases , respond to changes in its environment
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What is a Xerophyte?
Plant that is adapted to withstand extreme conditions
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How may long roots enhance chances of survival?
This enables the plant to reach water that is deep underground
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How may the spreading out of roots over a wide area enhance chances of survival?
Enables absorption of a lot of water when it's available, also helps to stabilise sand dunes
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How do curled leaves enhance chances of survival?
Reduces the surface area exposed to the wind. Also traps air inside against the lower epidermis, so that moisture can build up in the enclosed space
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How does the Lower epidermis being covered in hairs enhance chances of survival?
Reduces air movement so that water vapour is retained close to the lower epidermis
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How does a low density of stomata enhance chances of survival?
Fewer stomata means that less water vapour is lost
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How do leaves covered in a thick waxy cuticle enhance chances of survival?
This reduces evaporation of water from the cells of the leaf
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What behavioural adaptations may Marram Grass have?
Responds to shortage of water by rolling the leaf more tightly and closing stomata reducing transpiration
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What physiological adaptation may Marram grass have to water shortages?
Non-turgid guard cells close the stomata and turgid cells open the stomata
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How does Natural Selection work?
Mutation creates alternative versions of a gene, creating intraspecific variation, individuals with advantageous characteristic (AC) will survive and reproduce passing on the AC, next generation will have more individuals with AC
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How do bacteria develop antibiotic resistance?
When antibiotics are taken, most bacteria are killed and you start feeling better and often stop taking the antibiotics but there may be a few that are resistant and still aren't dead, so resistant bacteria survive and reproduce=resistant strain
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are anatomical adaptations?

Back

Structural features

Card 3

Front

What are behavioural adaptations?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are Physiological adaptations?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What will a well adapted organism be able to do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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