6. What are the 5 exceptions to the general rule of omissions with cases
A contractual duty - Pitwood, Because of a relationship - Gibbins and Proctor, Taken on voluntarily - Stone and Dobinson, Official position - Dytham, set in motion a series of events - Miller
Contractual duty - Pitwood, Because of a relationship - Gibbins v Proctor, Taken on voluntarily - Stone v Dobinson, Official position - Dytham, set in motion a series of events - Miller
Contractual duty - Pitwood, Because of a relationship - Stone and Dobinson, Taken on voluntarily - Gibbins and Proctos, Official position - Dytham, set in motion a series of events - Miller
Contractual duty - Pitwood, Because of a relationship - Gibbins v Proctor, Taken on voluntarily - Stone v Dobinson, Official position - Miller, set in motion a series of events - Dytham
7. What is the thin skull rule?
Take your victim as you find him - R v Blaue, R v Hayward.
Leave your victim the same way - R v Brown, R v Haywire.
8. What is a voluntary act?
Hill v Baxter - if the D has not committed the act or omission voluntarily, he has not committed the actus reus at all.
Collins v Wilcock - if D has committed the act or omission voluntarily they can not have the mens rea.
Hill v Baxter - if D has committed the act or omission voluntarily, they do not have the mens rea.
9. What is the general rule of omissions?
A person CANNOT be guilty of an offence if they fail to act - Stephen's Digest of the Criminal Law (3rd Ed. 1887)
A person CAN be guilty of an offence if they fail to act - Stone v Dobinson
