Acquiring Culture through Socialisation - Unit 1

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  • Created by: zoolouise
  • Created on: 08-04-16 10:21
What is culture?
Culture is the way of life of a group of people. It refers to how they are expected to behave, what they tend to believe and how they think.
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What is material culture?
Material culture refers to the physical things that people create and attach emotional meaning to. For example, clothing, houses, cars and food.
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What is non-material culture?
Non-material culture is the idea that people share. For example, their rules, traditions, languages and history.
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What is social construction?
Social construction is any idea that is created and given special meaning by people.
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What is collectivist culture?
These are cultures which tend to emphasise belonging to the group as more important than personal freedom.
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What is individualist culture?
These are cultures which tend to emphasise individual freedom and personal gain, sometimes at the expensive ot others?
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What is cultural diversity?
This is the idea that cultures can be very diverse, something that may be normal in one culture would be unacceptable in another.
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What is social control?
Social control refers to the idea that peoples behaviour and thoughts are regulated by society.
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What is formal control?
Formal control is where institutions in society exist to force people to behave, it's linked to the concept of power.
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What is informal control?
Informal control is controlling people through the internalization of moral codes.
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What are norms?
The expected behaviours for a culture.
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What are mores?
The ways of behaving that are seen as good, or moral.
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What are values?
Values are basic rules shared by most people in a culture.
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What are roles?
Roles are expected behaviours for any situation that we may find ourselves in.
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What is status?
Status is a persons position in society, it is based on respect.
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What is the nature theory?
The idea that we act as we do because we are born that way, therefore human behaviours prompted by biology.
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What is the nurture theory?
The idea that we act as we do because we're taught how to behave by others, society and culture override genetics and instincts.
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What are feral children?
Children who haven't recieved the correct socialisation.
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What is primary socialisation?
The child learns from the immediate family in the home, adopting the beliefs and values of the family and learning the expectations that the parents have.
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What is secondary socialisation?
The child learns what wider society expects of its members, it takes place outside of the home. It can be acquired from friendship groups, education, the mass media and religious organisations.
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What is tertiary socialisation?
Adult socialisation and it takes place when people need to adapt to new situations such as becoming a parent, changing jobs, coping with illness/disability/retirement.
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What is formal socialisation?
This is where people are deliberately manipulated to ensure they learn to follow certain rules.
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What is information socialisation?
This is where people learn to fit into their culture by watching and learning from others around them.
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What is an agency of socialisation?
Any social group of organisation that passes on cultural norms and values to others.
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What are role models?
The people that children will copy.
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What are sanctions?
Punishment for incorrect behaviour and praised for acceptable behaviour.
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What is formal control?
The deliberate training of peopel to folow rules.
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What is informal control?
It consists of people following unwritten rulse such as norms, morals and values.
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What is the peer group?
The peer group is made up of people who are the same age and status as oneself.
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What is primary identity?
Our sense of self.
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What is secondary identity?
The roles we play in society.
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What is ascribed status?
Where identities are imposed on us
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What is achieved status?
Identities that are chosen, they have to do something to get into that position or role.
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What is social class?
It's used to describe groups of people in similar education, income and occupational background.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is material culture?

Back

Material culture refers to the physical things that people create and attach emotional meaning to. For example, clothing, houses, cars and food.

Card 3

Front

What is non-material culture?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is social construction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is collectivist culture?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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