Acids and bases 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryAtoms and reactionsASOCR Created by: racheonCreated on: 02-03-14 16:30 Define acid. A species that is a proton donor and has a pH of less than 7. 1 of 18 Name 3 strong common acids, their chemical formula, and where they're found if you can. Sulfuric acid, H₂SO₄, in battery acid. Hydrochloric acid, HCl, in your stomach. Nitric acid, HNO₃. 2 of 18 What are 3 weaker acids that occur naturally, and what is their chemical formula, and where are they found? Ethanoic acid, CH₃COOH, in vinegar. Methanic acid, HCOOH, in insect bites. Citric acid, C₆H₈O₇, in citrus fruits. 3 of 18 What element do all acids contain? Hydrogen 4 of 18 What happens when you add an acid to water? They release H+ ions into the solution. 5 of 18 Give the ionic equation for hydrochloric acid and water, and sulfuric acid and water. HCl(g)+aq->H+(aq)+Cl-(aq). H₂SO₄(l)+aq->H+(aq)+HSO₄-(aq). 6 of 18 Define base. A species that is a proton acceptor. 7 of 18 What 4 things can be bases, and give examples of them. Metal oxides - MgO, CuO. Metal hydroxides - NaOH, Mg(OH)₂. Ammonia - NH₃. Amines - CH₃NH₂. 8 of 18 What do bases do to acids? They neutralise them. 9 of 18 Define alkali. A type of base that dissolves in water to form hydroxide ions with a pH of greater than 7. 10 of 18 Give the ionic equation of sodium hydroxide and water. NaOH(s)+aq->Na+(aq)+OH-(aq). 11 of 18 Name 3 common alkali, their chemical formula, and what they're used for, if you can. Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, in oven cleaner and paint stripper, which is very corrosive. Potassium hydroxide, KOH. Ammonia, NH₃. 12 of 18 What is more corrosive, an acid or an alkali? An alkali. 13 of 18 What happens in a reaction between an acid and an alkali? The hydroxide ions from the alkali neutralises the protons from the acid, forming water. 14 of 18 Write an ionic equation for an acid and an alkali. H+(aq)+OH-(aq)->H₂O(l). 15 of 18 What is ammonia? A gas that dissolves in water to form a weak alkaline solution. 16 of 18 Write the equation between ammonia and water. NH₃(aq)+H₂O↔NH₄(aq)+OH-(aq) 17 of 18 Name 3 biological acids and bases. Fatty acids, amino acids, which have a carboxyl acid group and an amino basic group, and nucleic acids. 18 of 18
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