By the rate at which bubbles of hydrogen are given off.
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In general, what will copper not react with?
cold, dilute acids
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What is the equation that links salt, metal, acid and hydrogen?
Acid + metal = salt + hydrogen
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What would happen if magnesium reacted with a cold, dilute acid such as HCl or H2SO4?
It would react vigorously and produce lots of bubbles
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HCl reacts to form what?
Chloride salts
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H2SO4 reacts to form what?
Sulfate salts
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A metal and water reacts to produce what?
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
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Which metals won't react with water?
zinc, iron and copper
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Which metals will react with water?
potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium
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What type of reaction separates a metal from its oxide?
A reduction reaction
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If you put iron in a solution of copper sulfate what will the product be?
Iron sulfate and copper
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What would the ionic equation be for the reaction of zinc and iron sulfate: Zn + FeSO4 = ZnSO4 + Fe
Zn + Fe2+ = Zn2+ + Fe
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What happens during electrolysis?
An electric current is passed through an electrolyte (a molten or dissolved ionic compound). The ions move towards the electrodes, where they react, and the compound decomposes.
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Where do the positive ions go in electrolysis?
The postive ions in the electrolyte go towards the cathode (the negative electrode) and gain electrons (will be reduced).
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Where do the negative ions go in electrolysis?
The negative ions in the electrolyte go towards the anode (postive electrode) and lose electrons (oxidised).
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What happens as the ions gain or lose electrons in electrolysis?
They form an uncharged element and are discharged from the electrolyte.
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Why can't an ionic solid be elctrolysed?
Because the ions are in fixed positions and can't move.
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What are the disadvantages of electrolysis?
It's expensive as lots of energy is required to melt the ore and produce the required current.
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What happens at the anode if halide ions are present?
Molecules of chlorine, bromine or iodine will be formed.
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What happens at the anode if no halide ions are present?
The OH- ions are discharged and the oxygen will be formed.
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