What is Clinical Psychology in relation to Abnormal Psychology?
Applied Abnormal Psychology
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What is Psychiatry in relation to Abnormal Psychology?
The medical branch of abnormal psychology
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What are the 4 main factors constituting abnormality?
Deviance, Distress/Suffering, Dysfunction/Maladaptiveness, Danger to Oneself and Others
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What was the prehistorical belief regarding the origin of mental disorders?
In prehistoric times they believed that abnormal behaviour was as a result of an internal event, actioned by magical beings and/ or the victory of evil spirits.
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What is trephination and in what era was it used?
Drilling a hole into patient's skulls to release 'evil spirits'/ 'magical beings'. used in prehistoric eras.
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What were the Greek and Roman Views of Abnormal Behaviour?
Abnormal behaviour as a result of physiological problems (medical model) namedly an imbalance of the 'four humours'
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What are the four humours?
Black Bile, Yellow Bile, Phlegm and Blood
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In Greek and Roman times, they believed that abnormal behaviour was as a result of an imbalance of what?
different fluids/ one of the 'four humours'. Each fluid would cause a different form of disorder.
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An imbalance of 'black bile' would cause what according to Greek and Roman Views?
Depression/ Melancholia
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What beliefs prevailed in islamic countries in the Middle Ages?
Medical model
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What beliefs prevailed in European countries in the Middle Ages?
Regression into abnormal behaviour/ mental disorders being a result of possession from the devil/ being punished by god. Largely due to the fact that christianity was prevailing at the time.
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What social factors may have contributed to mental disorders in the Middle Ages?
The Black Death/ Plague and other disease crises
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What are 'witch prickers'?
In the Middle Ages, people put pins into those who they believed were witches. if they did not respond in an 'appropriate manner' they were believed to be witches.
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Who was the individual who first created asylums?
Johann Weyer (1515-1588) , the first physician to specialise in mental illness.
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Who were the first two main pioneers of the humane treatment of those with mental disorders?
Phillipe Pinel and Dorothea Dix
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Why did Pinel's attempt at mental health revolution largely fail?
lack of funds, so many mental patients and no proper treatment approaches.
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What was the Somatogenic Perspective, and in what era did it prevail?
20th Century: view that abnormal psychological functioning has physical causes.
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Who was the main pioneer of the somatogenic perspective?
Emil Kraepelin.
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What physical factors did Kraepelin assign to mental disorders?
Fatigue
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who coined the first modern system of classifying abnormal behaviour?
Emil Kraepelin
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Kraepelin's somatogenic perspective corresponded with what other developments at the time?
New biological discoveries: syphillis and paresis
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What was the psychogenic perspective and in what era did it first prevail?
20th century: Belief that the chief causes of dysfunction are psychological
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Who were the main pioneers of the psychogenic perspective?
Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud
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What was Freud's belief about the causes of mental disorder?
Unconscious psychological processes are to blame for mental disorder
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How did Breuer believe he could access 'the root of the problem'?
Through inducing patients into a trancelike/ hypnotised state.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is Clinical Psychology in relation to Abnormal Psychology?
Back
Applied Abnormal Psychology
Card 3
Front
What is Psychiatry in relation to Abnormal Psychology?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are the 4 main factors constituting abnormality?
Back
Card 5
Front
What was the prehistorical belief regarding the origin of mental disorders?
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