A Watery World

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Regarding water, why are wealthier countries luckier?
They can afford fresh and clean water which they can obtain directly.
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Why do industrialised countries use more water?
They use it in factories for industry.
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In which countries may you see the most water being used?
Countries with larger populations use more water for domestic reasons.
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How can you cut down on water domestically?
Take a shower not a bath. Keep taps fixed. Change from dual flush to single flush. Do washing up instead of using dishwasher. Fix a water meter. Use economy settings.
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How can you cut down on water in the garden?
Recycle rain water. Reduce hose pipe use. Plant plants that require less water.
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Regarding agricultural water use, what percentage of the worlds water is used?
69%
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What is agricultural water used for?
Irrigation. Feeding lifestock. Factories to process items. Used in cooking.
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What is industrial water used for in LICs?
Small businesses (cottage industries) which businesses from HICs invest in.
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What is industrial water used for in HICs?
Large factories using millions of litres. Renewable energy (hydroelectricity) Increased tourism (pools, golf clubs)
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What does greater wealth result in regarding water?
Increased water consumption.
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What contributes to this increased water consumption?
Labour saving devices use lots of water. Continental increase in domestic water consumption. Change in personal hygiene. Water used in leisure and tourism. Technological improvements in watering devices. Water used for presentation (at resorts).
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Where do you find reservoirs?
In areas with impermeable surfaces.
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Where do you find aquifers?
Areas of both permeable and impermeable surfaces.
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What is a reservoir?
An artificial lake of water held behind a dam to store water.
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What is a direct supply reservoir?
It supplies water directly to water treatment works.
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What is a river regulating reservoir?
It stores water during rainy seasons so that rivers can be filled in dry spells. EG Keilder Reservoir.
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How does the London basin work?
It stores water underground between a layer of permeable sand and impermeable rock/clay. The water through flow is in the chalk aquifer between these two layers.
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What is porous rock?
Rock which allows liquid and gas to pass through it and into its poures EG chalk/ limestone.
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How much bacteria and viruses can one gram of faeces contain?
10,000,000 viruses and 1,000,000 bacteria.
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How many people do not have access to clean water worldwide?
1.1 billion.
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How many children die a year as a result of water related diseases and lack of sanitation?
1.8 million children.
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Industry realise they need to cut down on water so how have they gone about it?
Workers need to be more aware and educated on how much water they are using and wasting and how they can reduce it.
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What is envirowise and how is it helping companies?
Its a free government website which outlines how businesses can cut down on water use.
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In 2010 how much water did Aviva spend on water globally and how many litres did they use per year?
£1.6 million. 815,000,000 litres.
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How have the UK Avivas tried to reduce there amount of water?
Waterless urinals. Environmental champions. Flow straighteners for taps.
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What was the impact of this?
8% less water was used. 20 million litres of water was saved. £40000 were saved.
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How did Walker's Crisps reduce the amount of water they used?
Installed 30 water meters. Recycled their water. Educated staff on the use of water. Water used per shift is monitered.
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What percentage was their water consumption reduced by and how many litres were saved?
50% and 700 million litres.
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What is the problem with hand dug wells?
There is no drainage system so wells become dirty and attract disease carrying insects. They become polluted and evaporate.
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How does rainwater harvesting work?
Coolect the rainwater before it vaporates or become polluted. Collect it from clean roofs.
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How do gravity-fed schemes work?
In hilly areas water is piped down to the villages. Water must be closely monitered to avoid contamination.
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How are tube wells and bore holes made and used?
They are drilled into the ground. Thy retain less water than wells. The are cheap and dont need much maintenance. They can reach great depths and are safe to construct.
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Where is the Three Gorges Dam built?
On the River Yangtze in the south-east of China.
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Which is the closest city to the dam?
Sandouping.
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How long is the reservoir?
700km long.
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What are the problems with the dam?
Massive area has been flooded, 1.4 million people have been displaced. They have lost large settlements. Lost farm land. Lost scenery which attracts tourists.
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What are the positives of the dam?
Hydroelectric power is produced. Flooding provides silt (nutrition for farming) Trade. New tourist attractions. More jobs are provided. River is regulated.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why do industrialised countries use more water?

Back

They use it in factories for industry.

Card 3

Front

In which countries may you see the most water being used?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How can you cut down on water domestically?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How can you cut down on water in the garden?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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