USA thought they would take over world, there were no democratic elections - Stalin going against promises at Yalta, domino theory, USA thought USSR would destry capitalism, Cominform caused mistrust
2 of 21
NATO, 1949
Stalin saw this as a military threat
3 of 21
Atom bomb
Soviets developed it in 1949, much earlier than predictions -> fears of espionage
4 of 21
The Truman Doctrine, 1949
stop the spread, caused by British lack of control in Greece
5 of 21
The Marshall Plan
help Europe -> USA the 'good guys' - give them support to stop the attraction of communism
6 of 21
The Berlin Crisis, 1948-9
blockade and airlift, Stalin looked aggressive - he was against the split of Germany, NO WAR - neither side want one
7 of 21
The Korean War, 1950-3
China turned communist ('49) - communsim a worldwide threat, war in Korea between ideologies
8 of 21
Section 2: The Development of the Red Scare
.
9 of 21
FBI
set up FELP to investigate employees, run by J. Edgar Hoover - very anti-communist, forced people to swear loyalty oaths or resign, kept secret dossiers on left-wing thinkers
10 of 21
FELP, 1947
investigate loyalty, no cases of espionage uncovered but investigated 6.6 million people, 3 000 forced to resign and 200 sacked
11 of 21
HUAC, 1947
increased paranoia, seen by many as out of control, public trials showed it was unstoppable
12 of 21
The Hollywood Ten
accused of sending out a communist message through films, pleaded 5th Amendment and refused to answer qs, jailed for contempt of court, lots of publicity as they wee famous
13 of 21
The Hiss Case
named as communist but denied all charges ('48), then Chambers shows Truman files from govt copied on Hiss' typewriter ('50), jailed for 5 years for perjury NOT espionage due to lack of evidence -> still shows power of HUAC
14 of 21
The Rosenburg Case
accused of being spies, named during interrogation of Fuchs in Britain, thought they passed secrets re atom bomb, showed the US fear of communism, sparked worldwide protest
15 of 21
Section 3: McCarthyism
.
16 of 21
Emergence
claimed he had a list of 205 govt workers who were communist, got McCarran Act passed, called a "fraud" and "hoax" by comittee investigating claims - accuses them of being communist -> no-one dares challenge him
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Methods
banned books, bullying tactics - intimidated witnesses, never had real evidence, caused shock to get support
18 of 21
Impact of these methods
shock and fear, mistrust, spying on neighbours etc
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Decline
'54 TV programme criticising him set up by popular broadcaster Ed Murrow, overruled by Eisenhower over choice of USSR ambassador, publicly reprimanded for abusing his power, looked angry and a bully compared to amry lawyer Welch
20 of 21
Overall Impact
mistrust remained - suspicious of everyone else, it was illegal to be communist - land of the free?, also anyone for change was a 'communist' - eg civil rights movement
21 of 21
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
USA thought they would take over world, there were no democratic elections - Stalin going against promises at Yalta, domino theory, USA thought USSR would destry capitalism, Cominform caused mistrust
Back
Soviet expansion in E Europe
Card 3
Front
Stalin saw this as a military threat
Back
Card 4
Front
Soviets developed it in 1949, much earlier than predictions -> fears of espionage
Back
Card 5
Front
stop the spread, caused by British lack of control in Greece
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