Give 4 reasons why fibres might be blended together.
Improve care properties, improve strength, combine properties, reduce cost, allow novelty effects, give specialist qualities, allow heat setting
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What is benficial about a polyester/cotton blend?
Cotton helps moisture absorbency and feel on skin; polyester cancels out shrinking, creasing and slow drying
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Why can a polyester/cotton blend be dangerous?
Cotton is flammable, and the polyester melts and sticks to the skin
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What is benficial about a nylon/wool blend?
Wool makes the fabric soft and warm; nylon improves strength, abrasion resistance, lighter, prevents shrinkage and reduces cost
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What is a nylon/wool blend often used for?
Socks, jackets
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Why might viscose be blended with other fibres? Give 2 reasons.
Gives a softer handle, makes fabric more absorbent, reduces cost as cheap
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Why might elastomeric (stretchy) fibres be blended?
Lycra helps crease resistancy
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Is a small or a large percentage of elastomeric fibres needed when being blended?
Small
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How are elastomeric blended with other fibres when a yarn is being created?
Combined with core spinning, wrapping or interlacing
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Explain how yarns can be corespun.
Stretched elastane is covered by interlaced fibres; can be covered by 1 or 2 yarns, wrapped in opposite directions
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What is the thickness of a yarn known as?
Tex/denier
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Explain the process of making 4 single yarns into a cabled yarn.
2 single yarns are twisted together (this is done twice) to create 2 folded yarns. The folded yarns are twisted together to create a single cable yarn.
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What are folded yarns used for? Why?
High quality garments - more lustre
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What are cabled yarns used for?
Heavy duty items such as conveyor belts
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Why are fibres twisted together when a yarn is created?
Hold the fibres together and add strength
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Which 2 directions can fibres be twisted in?
Z or S
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Why might a Z and a S twisted yarn be twisted together?
Makes the yarn more balanced
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When might a low twist be used?
When creating brushed fabrics
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Why are yarns given texture?
Makes them more interesting, traps air and helps wick moisture away
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Giving Texture: How are false twist yarns created?
Yarns twisted tightly, heat set and then untwisted. Gives a crinkled effect
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Giving Texture: What is air-jet texturising?
Compressed air is directed at the yarn, causing twists and loops. Doesn't require thermoplastic qualitites.
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Giving Texture: How is a bulked continuous filament created?
Jet of hot fluid pushes thermoplastic fibre against a cold surface
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How are slub yarns created?
Spinning thinner and thicker sections
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What is a bouclé yarn?
Loops are created in the yarn
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What does a chenille yarn look like?
Fibres projecting from a central core of thread. It is soft and bulky.
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How are metal yarns created?
Sandwiching aluminium between plastic film. Gold and silver can also be used.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is benficial about a polyester/cotton blend?
Back
Cotton helps moisture absorbency and feel on skin; polyester cancels out shrinking, creasing and slow drying
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