A2 ICT OCR Network Flashcards

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Internet Protocol
this is a protocol used for communicating data across a packet-switched internet, using teh internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). The IP delivers packets from the source host to the destination host based on their addresses.
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Intranet
is a communication system that is restriced and internal to a company or organisation usually over a LAN or virtual private network (VPN)
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Extranet
is a private network that is built on top of, and uses the internet. It is commonly used to acces a company or organisation's intranet.
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LAN
Local Area Network: is a set of computers that are within a defined area and are in close proximity to each other, able to have direct connections between them, connected only by cables that are owned by the user, able to share local peripherals.
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WAN
Wide Area Network: geographically remote, connected by equipment that is owned by a third party (telecommunication lines, satellites)
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Peer to Peer
All the computers are connected to it are of equal status
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Peer to Peer Advantages
only normal computers required (no specialist hardware), each user manages their own comnputerm set up is done via wizards within the software (no knowledge required), there is no reliance on a central computer
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Peer to Peer Disadvantages
Each computer is fulfilling more than one role - increasing load, data can be stored on any computer - no organisation, security & antivirus & back up are down to the individual user
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Client Server
this has a powerful controlling computer - the server. The computer controls the peripherals and the security
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Client Server Advantages
back up & security & antivirus are centralised, the user does not do any of the management - network manager, network processing is done centrally - freeing the user to do what they want without being slowed down
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Client Server Disadvantages
The server costs money - and the network OS, a network manager is required, there is a reliance on a central sever - is it fails no one can work.
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Network Component
an item of harware that can be used to allow a computer to communicate and become part of the network
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Switch
has a number of ports and it stores the addresses of all the devices that are connected to the ports, as data comes into the switch the address is examined and then sent to the according port
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Hub
is a concentrator that connects lots of computers to the newtork through a single link, signals recieved on any port are broadcast to all the other ports. Hubs are active (repeat signals) or passive (split signals that pass through them)
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NIC
Network Interface Card: this allows the device to be physically connected to the network and allows communication to pass to and from a computer. It contains a unique identifier. This is the same as a WNIC wireless network interface card.
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WAP
Wireless access point: a device that allows you to send and recieve wireless signals (WNIC). It is connected to into the physical network by a cable and positioned so it can send and recieve wireless signals.
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Router
this is a device that routes information between networks. It can select teh best path as well as translate information from one network to another. (i.e. LAN to WAN)
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Repeater
Strengthen a signal passed along a network cable.
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Bridge
A bridge connects and passes packets between two network segments that use the same communications protocol
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Fibre Optic
a glass fibre that carries light, the fibres can be wrapped in bundles.
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Firbre Optic Advantages
high bit rate, better quality service as is less susceptible to interference, unaffected by electromagnet disturbance, difficult to tap into them, large distances covered
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Firbre Optic Disadvantages
more expensive, only economical when the bandwidth is fully utilised, high cost of installation compared with copper wires
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Laser
outputs a focused electro magnet energy field in which all waves are at the same frequency and aligned in phase
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Laser Advantages
data transferred at high speeds, used in locations where cable is not an option
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Laser Disadvantages
line of sight required, can be blocked by mist or fog
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Infrared
a focused ray of light in the infrared frequency spectrum, modulated with information and sent from transmitter to a reciever over a SHORT distance
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Infrared Advantages
speed up to 4Mb/s, no cabling, unlicensed
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Infrared Disadvantages
short distance, line of sight required, susceptible to interference from other light sources
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Commuincation Media
the physical means used to transfer data
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Bandwidth
is the maximum amount of data that can travel across a given data transmission channel in a given amont of time
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Bluetooth
A protocol for connecting headsets to phone or computer to mobile
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Wireless
for creating a network
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Communications
transmitting information from one person to another
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Fax Advantages
gives reciept of delivery, modern fax have the ablity to hold address books and to send faxes to groups of people
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Fax Disadvantages
the recieved document cannot be directly edited, no guarentee of where you send it and who will see it, quality is variable
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Email (points to remember)
allows you to send messages to many people, add a digital signature, encrypt the message to increase security, can get delivery confirmation, pictures & text can be set - can be edited, can be accessed anywhere, address book
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IRC
Internet Relay Chat: real time messaging, conversations can be recorded
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ADSL
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line: copper cables, allows on, used for short distances (4km), download bandwidth higher than upload
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ADSL Adv's
high speed, can use telephone line while using ADSL, no extra wiring
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ADSL Disav's
service not avaliable everywhere, distance from exchange limited, bandwidth not guaranteed, father download then upload, contention ratio (generally 50:1)
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Leased Line
is a symmetic line connecting two locations, it is a direct connection that can have high bandwith
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Leased Line Adv's
bandwidth guaranteed, no contention, symmetric
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Leased Line Disadv's
required line to be installed, cost of line is high
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Satellite
one way uses satellite for downloading and telephone wire for uploading, two way uses satellite for both
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Satellite Adv's
no need for fixed lines, can be moblile
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Satellite Disadv's
latency delay, cost of techonology, limited bandwidth
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Cellular network
a mobile places a call by sendihng a call initation request to the nearest base station, this contains a unique identifier, the international model equipment identity. the base station send the request to the mobile switching centre.
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International mobile equipment identity
a unique identifier for all mobile devies that can be used to track and even remove a from from a network.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

is a communication system that is restriced and internal to a company or organisation usually over a LAN or virtual private network (VPN)

Back

Intranet

Card 3

Front

is a private network that is built on top of, and uses the internet. It is commonly used to acces a company or organisation's intranet.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Local Area Network: is a set of computers that are within a defined area and are in close proximity to each other, able to have direct connections between them, connected only by cables that are owned by the user, able to share local peripherals.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Wide Area Network: geographically remote, connected by equipment that is owned by a third party (telecommunication lines, satellites)

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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