A2 Ethics Conscience

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  • Created by: Rhianna
  • Created on: 20-05-13 11:46
What is the Conscience for Aquinas?
Being able to distinguish right from wrong and to make decisions when a person is confronted with a dilemma
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What is the synderesis rule?
That it is innate to seek good and avoid evil
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Should people always follow their conscience?
Yes, it won't always be right because if principlesare wrong so will your conscience be
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What is the conscience made up of?
Conscienta and synderesis
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What is synderesis?
Repeated use of right reason,by which a person acquires knowledge of natural principles and understands that it is important to do good and avoid evil
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What is conscienta?
Actual ethical judgement or decision a person makes which leads to a particular course of action based upon these principles
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Aquinas
Conscience is not a voice, it is reasoning used correctly to find out what God sees is good.
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Butler
Conscience distinguishes men and women from animals, it is a principle of reflection.
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Butler
Conscience will determine and judge the rightness and wrongness of actions.
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Why is the conscience so powerful for Butler?
It is authoritative and it asserts itself without being consulted
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Butler saw human nature as hierarchical
At the top is conscience, then principle of reflection, then self love and benevolence and then basic drives.
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What is self love?
Enlightened self-interest not selfishness
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What is benevolence?
Wanting the well-being of others
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What is the principle of reflection?
God given faculty which makes us approve or disprove of our actions we have to use it to live a proper, happy life.
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What is 'blinding your conscience'?
To convince yourself that the wrong action your are doing is right. For Butler it is wicked and worse than the actions that happen as a result of it.
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Newman
Conscience as the voice of God.
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When a person follows their conscience they are also
following a divine law.
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Conscience is..?
A messenger of God, more than simply a law of the mind.
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Butler,Newman and Augustine's approaches are?
Intuitionist approaches, people are able to sense what is right or wrong.
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Freud
Conscience is most clearly asociated with the feelings of guilt when we ignore our conscience
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Three parts of the human psyche:
Id, ego and super-ego
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What is the id?
The unconscious self which is ammoral, concerned only with itself. Contains basic drives and repressed memories.
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What is the ego?
The conscious self seen by the outside world.
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What is the super-ego?
Set of moral controls given to us by the outside world.
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Conscience is simply a construct of the mind
Response to the perceptions of God or responses to externally imposed authority.
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Piaget, two stages of development
Heteronomous morality and autonomous morality
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What is heteronomous morality?
Develops from ages 5-10, immature conscience. Rules are obeyed and punishment is expected if they are broken.
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What is autonomous morality?
10+ develop their own rules and understands how rules operate and help society. Occurs when less dependent on others for morality.
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Kolberg
Suggested six stages of moral development. Argued that most never go beyond keeping the law.
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Fromm authoritarian conscience
Individual internalises views of society. A guilty conscience is the result of an individual displeasing authority. Disobedience produces guilt which makes us weaker --Nazi Germany.
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Fromm- humanistic conscience
Evaluates and assesses how successful we are as people. Leads us to reach our potential.
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Card 2

Front

What is the synderesis rule?

Back

That it is innate to seek good and avoid evil

Card 3

Front

Should people always follow their conscience?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the conscience made up of?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is synderesis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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