A2 Sociology (Sociologists Theory on Crime)

Theory On Crime

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  • Created by: luke9710
  • Created on: 18-02-16 15:38
Durkheim (Functionalist)
Individuals not being integrated into society. There are collective shared values so why is there a minority behave in a deviant manner. However deviance is normal and functional as it can help move society forward such as Suffragettes.
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Merton's Strain Theory (Functionalist)
'Blocked Opportunities' as not everyone has the same opportunities to achieve their goals legitimately so they turn to crime.
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Travis Hirschi (Functionalist)
He identified four social bonds that help bind society together and crime occurs when the bonds are too weak.
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Albert Cohen (Sub-Cultural)
Response to Merton who could not explain non-material crime (vandalism, graffiti). He saw working class reacting to feelings of 'social frustration' and breaks rules as its a source of self-esteem and status for them.
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Cloward and Ohlin (Sub-Cultural)
Lower class has their own deviant values as when denied access to success in the labour market, they are attracted to the 'Illegitimate Opportunity Structure'.
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Walter Miller (Sub-Cultural)
Studied the working class and found they were socialised into a set of deviant sub-cultures called 'Focal Concerns' which were oppositional to mainstream values and explained why people took part in that form of crime
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William Bonger (Marxist)
There were a form of resistance within Capitalism. Also stresses how there is too much focus on working class crime but obscures the huge amount of corporate crime that occurs.
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Howard Becker (Labelling Theory)
No act in itself is deviant but is a product of the 'Morale Entrepreneurs'. This could easily become master status leading to a deviant career.
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James Q. Wilson (Right Realist)
People are naturally selfish and links rise in serious crime to spiralling volumes to incivilities. His solution was 'Target Hardening'
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Wilson and Kelling (Right Realist)
developed the 'Broken Glass Thesis' which mean that if minor incidents are left unchecked then more serious crime will follow so they prefer a zero tolerance policy.
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Lea and Young (Left Realist)
People have a real fear of crime and the typical felon is a young, black, working class male. The main causes of crime are Subculture, Marginalisation and relative deprivation.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

'Blocked Opportunities' as not everyone has the same opportunities to achieve their goals legitimately so they turn to crime.

Back

Merton's Strain Theory (Functionalist)

Card 3

Front

He identified four social bonds that help bind society together and crime occurs when the bonds are too weak.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Response to Merton who could not explain non-material crime (vandalism, graffiti). He saw working class reacting to feelings of 'social frustration' and breaks rules as its a source of self-esteem and status for them.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Lower class has their own deviant values as when denied access to success in the labour market, they are attracted to the 'Illegitimate Opportunity Structure'.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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