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What is informed consent?
Researchers should tell potential participants exactly what is going to happen to them in the experiment and ask them without pressure of any kind, whether they are willing to take part.
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Why do researchers feel that they cannot tell participants what the experiment is about?
They may show demand characteristics.
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How is consent gained for people under the age of 16?
Consent of their parents or teachers is enough.
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Why do you have to get consent from peoples parents when they are under 16?
Children are often considered too young to give their own consent.
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What is deception?
Lying to people nd deceiving them about something to do with the study.
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What does the BPS guidelines say about deception?
That you should try to avoid intentionally deceiving participants about the purpose and nature of the investigation.
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When certain circumstances is it acceptable to decieve participants and it can be justified?
doesn't lead to harmful consequences, study is potentially useful to society/our understanding, not deceiving may make research invalid.
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What is right of withdrawal?
Giving people the opportunity to leave the study at any time if they no longer want to take part. They can withdraw from the study & the researcher will not use any of their data.
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In terms of right of withdrawal, what should participants be told?
About their right to withdraw and if they are being paid for participating they should be informed that they will still be paid if they drop out.
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What is harm to participants?
Participants should not be harmed, either physically or psychologically when participating in research.
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In practise, participants often suffer distress/pain during the course of an experiment, when is this considered acceptable?
harm is unavoidble, study can't be carried out differently, harm is short term & relatively minor, pps not allowed to leave study with any residual harm/distress.
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What is debriefing?
Telling participants what the study was about before they leve.
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What can participants be told in a debrief?
Exactly what the experiment was all about and be reassured that their behaviour in the experiment was normal.
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What does debriefing avoid?
Participants leaving without suffering on-going distress or harm.
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What is confidentiality?
Keeping personal information confidential.
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What part of confidentiality is important?
That personal information given by participants during the course of study/results of tests taken by participants are kept confidential.
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In published results, what must not be identified?
The individuals name.
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What should participants be told about confidentiality?
Participants should always be told that personal data will be kept confidential.
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What is observational research?
Studies that observe people in their natural environment.
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In observational research, what should be respected?
The privacy and psychological well-being of the individuals studies.
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In observational research, what should participants do?
Give their consent to being observed, or be observed in a situation where they would normally expect to be observed by strangers, e.g. in a public park or on a bus.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why do researchers feel that they cannot tell participants what the experiment is about?

Back

They may show demand characteristics.

Card 3

Front

How is consent gained for people under the age of 16?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why do you have to get consent from peoples parents when they are under 16?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is deception?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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