8Ed - gender + education

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what did the department for education say about boys starting school?
they were more likely to have special educational needs
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How many points is the GCSE gender gap?
10 points
2 of 50
what are the four external factors of girls acheivment?
feminism, changes in the family, changes to womens employment, girls changing ambitions
3 of 50
what did McRobbie find?
found womens image has changed. compared magazines from the 70s to now, those from the 70s promoted marriage and motherhood whereas those from today promoted women's independence
4 of 50
what is a criticism of feminism causing acheivement?
women are still stereotyped and sexualised today
5 of 50
how have changes in the family caused girls to achieve more in education? include evidence
the nuclear family is declining with an increase in lone parents, divorce and smaller families suggesting that girls don't have to get married and can have other ambitions
6 of 50
what is a criticism of changes to the family?
functionalists and new right theorists would argue that the nuclear family is the ideal family
7 of 50
what are the acts that give women equal rights at work?
equal pay act 1970, sex discrimination act 1975
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what is a criticism of womens employment?
there is still a gender pay gap and jobs are still seen as being for certain genders
9 of 50
what did Sharpe find about girls ambitions?
interviewed girls in the 70s finding they prioritised love, marriage and motherhood whereas interviews with girls in the 90s showed that girls prioritised having careers and being financially independent
10 of 50
what did Reay find as a criticism of womens ambitions changing?
girls who are from lower social classes have lower ambitions
11 of 50
what are the six internal factors causing girls achievement?
equal opportunity policies, coursework, challenging stereotypes, female role models, selection/league tables, teacher attention
12 of 50
what are the names of the equal opportunities policies in school?
GIST (girls in science and technology) and WISE (women in science and engineering)
13 of 50
what percentage of primary school teachers are male
16%
14 of 50
what did Haase find as a criticism of female role models?
headteachers and senior staff are more likely to be male
15 of 50
what did Mitsos and Browne say about coursework?
girls put more time and care into presenting their work. they are more likely to have the right equipment and are better at meeting deadlines and they also mature earlier
16 of 50
what is a criticism of coursework?
it has been reduced, exams have more influence overall
17 of 50
what did Graddol find about teachers attention?
teachers interact with girls more positively than boys because they see them as more cooperative. this is likely to build their self esteem
18 of 50
what did French find as a criticism to teacher attention?
the amount of attention teachers would give to boys and girls for academic reasons was equal
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what did Weiner say find about the stereotyping of girls?
negative images of girls from the 80s have been replaced with more positive images
20 of 50
what is a criticism of stereotyping?
children are socialised into gender roles outside of school and also still experience sexual harrassment from boys in school
21 of 50
what did Jackson say about selection policies
high acheiving girls are attractive to schools
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what is a criticism of selection policies?
teachers are sensitively trained
23 of 50
what are the 2 external reasons for underachievement in boys?
literacy skills and the decline of manual labour
24 of 50
what did the Dfe say about literacy skills?
one of the main reasons boys underachieve is because of their lack of literacy and language skills
25 of 50
what is a criticism of literacy skills?
boys hobbies require important skills and there have also been reading policies to encourage boys to read
26 of 50
what are the policies for helping boys acheivement?
playing for success and reading champions
27 of 50
what did Mitsos and Browne say about the decline of manual labour?
it has caused an identity crisis for boys causing them to give up on their education because they see no point in working hard if there is no masculine job when they leave school
28 of 50
what is a criticism of the decline in manual labour?
you dont need qualifications for manual jobs so it would have an affect on the effort boys put into their work
29 of 50
what are the 6 reasons for underachievement in boys?
coursework, teacher attention, selection and league tables, the feminisation of education, lack of male role models for teachers, laddish subcultures
30 of 50
what did Francis find about laddish subcultures?
boys were concerned with being called gay as they saw it as a threat to their masculinity
31 of 50
what did Epstein find about laddish subcultures?
the main demand of male peer groups is to do little work, be sporty and heterosexual
32 of 50
what is a criticism of laddish subcultures?
in further education masculinity is defined by intelligence and hard work
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what did Sewell say about the feminisation of education?
argues that education becoming feminised is one of the main reasons for underachievement in boys
34 of 50
what is a criticism of education being feminised?
there are education policies to help boys achieve
35 of 50
what did the department of education say the percentage of male primary school teachers was?
16%
36 of 50
what did YouGov say about the lack of male role models?
42% of boys said they believed that having a male teacher would help them behave more
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what is a criticism of the lack of male role models?
headteachers are more likely to be male and there have been recruitment campaigns to get more male primary teachers
38 of 50
what did slee find about the way schools select pupils?
boys are less attractive because they are more likely to have behavioural difficulties and are 4x more likely to be excluded
39 of 50
what did francis find about teachers attention with boys?
boys are disciplined more harshly and felt picked on by teachers
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what did Swann find about teachers attention with boys?
teachers see the way boys communicate as hostile
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what did Read find as a criticism of teachers attention with boys?
female teachers use the disciplinarian discourse (authority through harsh tones and shouting) just as much as male teachers
42 of 50
what did McVeigh say about the gender achievement gap?
the social class gap is 3x wider than the gender gap
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what did archer find about working class girls?
they had to choose between symbolic capital (status from peers) and educational capital (status from school by conforming to middle class demands)
44 of 50
what are the 3 ways working class girls gain symbolic capital?
hyper-heterosexual feminine identity, having a boyfriend and being loud
45 of 50
what did Reay find about working class girls?
they have low ambitions because of their social class
46 of 50
what did Evans find as a criticism to working class girls having low ambitions?
working class girls wanted to go to university, but locally
47 of 50
what did Sewell find about black boys and girls?
black boys define their masculinity by rejecting their education whereas black girls define their femininity by being successful in education
48 of 50
what did osler say about underachieving boys?
the focus on underacheiving boys has taking the focus away from girls who disengage from school quietly
49 of 50
what did Conolly say?
different combinations of gender, class and ethnicity have different effects on educational achievement
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How many points is the GCSE gender gap?

Back

10 points

Card 3

Front

what are the four external factors of girls acheivment?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what did McRobbie find?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is a criticism of feminism causing acheivement?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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