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How does hormones help plants?
To make sure they grow in a useful direction (Towards light)
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What is auxin?
Plant hormone that controls growth by the tips of shoots and roots
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How does auxin control the growth of a plant?
In response to light, gravity and moisture
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Where is auxin produced?
In the tips
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What happens if the tip is removed?
The shoot may stop growing.
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How does the shoot grow towards light?
When it's exposed to light, more auxin builds up on the shaded side. This makes the cells grow faster so the shoot bends towards the light.
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How do the roots grow towards moisture?
An uneven amount of moisture either side of a root produces more auxin on the side with more moisture. This causes the root to bend in direction towards the moisture.
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What is Homeostasis?
Conditions in the body are controlled, to provide a constant internal environment
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Name 4 bodily levels that need to be controlled
Ion content, Water content, Sugar content and temperature
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Where can water be lost in the body?
Skin = Sweat Lungs = Breath Kidneys = Urine
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Describe the balance between sweat and urine on a cold day
You don't sweat much, so you will produce more urine which is pale.
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Describe the balance between sweat and urine on a hot day
You sweat a lot, so you will produce less urine which is a deeper colour (More concentrated)
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What body part controlles the body temperature?
The brain
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What temperature do enzymes work best at in the human body?
37 deg
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What are Medicinal drugs?
Medically useful drugs (Antibiotics) e.g... Morphine
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What are Recreational drugs?
Legal or illegal drugs that are used for fun e.g... Cannabis
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What are performance-enhancing drugs?
Drugs that can improve a person's performance in sport e.g... Anabolic Steroids and Stimulants
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What can performance-enhancing drugs cause?
Negative health effects such as high blood pressure
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Why are people against performance-enhancing drugs?
It's unfair if people gain an advantage and they might not be fully informed of the risks.
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Why are people for performance-enhancing drugs?
They have the right to make their own decision about taking them
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What are hard drugs?
Seriously addictive and more harmful drugs e.g... Heroin
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Whar are soft drugs?
Can cause heart and circulatory system problems e.g... Cannabis
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Why do people use Recreational drugs?
For enjoyment, relaxation or stress relief.
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What does smoking impact?
It causes diseases on the heart, lungs and blood vessels. It can cause cancer. And it can become addictive.
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What does alcohol impact?
It affects the nervous system and slows the body's reactions. It leads to impaired judgement and poor coordination. It's also addictive
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How does the shoot grow away from gravity?
A shoot growing sideways will have more auxin on its lower side. (Gravity produces an unequal distribution). This causes the lower side to grow faster upwards.
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How do the roots grow towards gravity?
A shoot growing sideways will have more auxin on its lower side.
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How have desert animals adapted?
Large surface area = Lose more body heat. Camouflage = To avoid predators (Sandy colour) Thin layers of body fat = Helps them lose body heat
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How have arctic animals adapted?
Small surface area = Rounded shape which reduces heat loss. Camouflage = To avoid predators (White fur). Well insulated = Thick layer for insulation and thick hairy coats to keep body heat in.
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How have desert plants adapted?
Small surface area =Lose water vapour from the surface. Water absorption = Some have shallow but extensive roots to absorb water quickly
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What features do plants and animals have to protect them against predators?
Armour = Thorns, sharp spines and shells.
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What do plants need to survive?
Light, space, water and minerals from the soil
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What do animals need to survive?
Space, food, water and mates
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What's the maximum temperature used in schools to grow microorganisms?
25 degrees because harmful pathogens are unlikely to grow at this temperature.
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What is culture medium?
Contain all the elements that most bacteria need for growth.
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Why must a petri dish have a lid?
To stop any microorganisms in the air contaminating the culture.
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What must culture medium contain?
Agar jelly with the appropriate nutrients and energy sources, water, oxygen or lack of oxygen and the appropriate pH (6.5 -7.5)
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What is used to transfer microorganisms to the culture medium?
Inoculating loops (Wire loops)
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What happens if equipment isn't sterilised before use?
Unwanted microorganisms will grow and affect the result
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Where is ion content controlled?
The kidneys
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Where are some ions lost?
Sweat and urineWhat
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What hormone helps maintain the right level of glucose in your blood?
Insulin
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Eating foods that contain carbohydrates, puts what into your blood?
Glucose
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Chemical changes caused by drugs can cause what for the body?
To become addicted to the drug
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What are statins used for?
Prescribed drugs to lower the risk of heart disease
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Why do organisms compete with other species for resources?
To survive and reproduce
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What living factors change the environment?
Change in the number of... Predators, prey and competitiors
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What non-living factors change the environment?
Change in the... Average temperature, rainfall and the level of air pollution
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is auxin?

Back

Plant hormone that controls growth by the tips of shoots and roots

Card 3

Front

How does auxin control the growth of a plant?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where is auxin produced?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What happens if the tip is removed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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