5.1 Communication and Homeostasis

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what is homeostasis
it is the maintain of a constant internal environment despite internal or external changes
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importance of maintaining pH
proteins do not denature so that enzymes do not denature
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importance water potential
too high wp cells can burst or if too low they can shrink
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importance of regulating blood glucose
glucose affects wp of the blood and glucose is used in respiration if glucose too high wp of blood drops and makes us feel dehydrated
low - cell might die - heavily active cells
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importance of homeostasis
cells in body can function effectively
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what do we need to maintain
pH, water potential and temperature
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negative feedback
is the body mechanism for reversing changes so that it returns back to the optimum
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mechanism of negative feedback
receptor detects change - thermoreceptors send signals to coordinator - decides which response which is appropriate and send signals to effectors and they bring about change
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where is positive feedback useful
action potential in neurones in depolarisation
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how do cell communicate
they communicate through cell signalling -
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two different responses
neuronal system and hormanal sytem
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difference in neuronal and hormonal response
neuronal uses neurones to carry signals through the body and hormonal carries signals through the blood
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what makes a good communication system
covers the whole body
allows specific communication
communicate rapidly so it can be co-ordinated rapidly
produce long and short-term responses
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how can the heart be monitored
change the heart rate
change the contraction strength of ventricles
the volume of blood transported in each stroke
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different types of nervous systems
sympathetic and parasympathetic
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what releases hormones for the heart
the medulla -
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two different way animals can regulate their body temperature
through ectothermy or endothermy
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what is an ectotherm
are animals rely on external sources of heat to regulate their body temeperature
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what are endotherms
use heat from metabolic reaction to maintain our body temperature
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what are peripheral receptors
they are warning signals of external environmental changes to heat
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what is the difference between endotherms and an ectotherm
maintain temp despite external environment
we can be active in parts of day when temp low
they can inhibit different parts of world
lots of energy to keep up warm
endotherms don't need as much food can use food for growth
ectotherms can be too hot
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How do ectotherms control their temperature
if too warm
move into the sun
expose more SA to the sun
move to warmer surfaces
if too cold
move to shade
expose less SA to sun
move underground
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endotherms controlling their temperature
insulating internal sources of heat
hairs on feathers on our body
sweat - vasodilation
cold
hairs stand on end insulating the air
capillaries near surface close up to stop heat being lost
increase rate of respiration
shivering - muscle contraction
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What the disadvantages and advantages of their control of their body temperature
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what are endotherms
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what is the temperature regulation mechanism
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What are examples of organs being able to control their temperature
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What are the advantages and the disadvantages of this type of temperature control
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what is the hypothalamus
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What does the hypothalamus do when the core temperature is too low
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What is the role of the peripheral temperature receptors
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

importance of maintaining pH

Back

proteins do not denature so that enzymes do not denature

Card 3

Front

importance water potential

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

importance of regulating blood glucose

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

importance of homeostasis

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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