Chemistry Exam

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  • Created by: tyla
  • Created on: 27-10-12 22:55
Evapouration
Occurs at lower temperature then boiling point as a state of liquid changes from a liquid to a gas
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Pure Substance
sample of mater with both definite and constant composition with distinct chemical properties
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Mixture
Consists of two or more different substances that are mixed but not chemically combined
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heterogenous
uneven comopostion etc granite
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Homogenous
uniform composition through out etc gold syryp
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Solution
is homogenous mixture where 2 or more substances are in the same state etc beer
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Solvent
component present in a large amount/ liquid or substance in which a solute is disolved, water
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Solute
Disolved in the solvent/ dissolved in the substance etc salt in sea water
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Element
can not be broken down by futher chemical technique, contatins only one atom
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Compound
Composed of two or more different atoms, chemically bounded to one another
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A molecule
is an individually, electrically uncharged group of 2 or more atoms bounded together
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Metals
Shiny, conduct electricity, conduct heat, can be hammered
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non metals
dull, do not conduct electricity, brittle, have similar chemical reactivity
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metalloids
shiny like metals, but have chemical properties similar to nonmetals
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Periodic table- Horizontal rows
Periods
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Periodic Table- verticle columns
Groups
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Polyatomic atoms
distinct groups of several atoms bonded together with an overall charge
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Ionic bonding
bonding of metal and non metal
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Covalent bonding
Bonding of nonmetal with nonmetal
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Metalic bonding
Bonding of a metal with nonmetal
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Constitutional Isomers
Same molecular formular differnt atom to atom bonding
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Configuational Stereoisomer
Have same molecular formular, same atom to atom bonding, but the orientation of the atoms are different
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enatiomers
bonded to four different atoms or groups
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Racemic mixture
a mixture of equal amounts of the two enantiomers
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Temperature
ability to transfer heat energy and the measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules
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Dispersion Forces
attraction between instaneous dipole and induced dipole when non polar molecuels approach each other
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ion-permanent dipole forces
charged ion and polar molecules attract each oter
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Dipole dipole forces
occur between oppositlyey charged polar on polar molecules
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Boiling
A change of state from liquid to gas within bulk liquid
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Capillar action
rising of liquid through a narrow gap against gravity
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viscosity
a resistance of a liquid to flow
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surface tension
net attractions downwards causes fewer molecules at surfaces l give drop spherical shapes
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Molecular solids are composed of
individual molecules held in place by weak intermolecular attractive forces
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Convalent network solids are composed of
a vast number of atoms covalently bonded to neighbours forming giant network structures
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Metalic solids are composed of
cations surrounded by a sea of electrons
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Ionic solids are build from
strong attractions between ions of opposite charge
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Energy
capacity to work and transfer heat
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Specific Heat capacity
Amount of heat required to raise the temperature
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Rate of a chemical reaction
shows how quickly a chemical can change under particle conditions, its is the change in concerntration over a period of time
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The collision theory
Pacrticls in gas move in a random motion and collide with each other. Atoms and molecules react on collision
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Intermediate species
are produced in one step and consumed in a subsequent step
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Catalyst
is a substance that increases the reaction rate without being used by the overall reaction
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Pure Substance

Back

sample of mater with both definite and constant composition with distinct chemical properties

Card 3

Front

Mixture

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

heterogenous

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Homogenous

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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