ammonia NH3 with the H replaced with an organic group
1 of 10
Explain the basicity of amines
bases because of lone pair of e on N, accepts a proton/ dative bond with H+
2 of 10
Describe the reactions of amines with acids
neutralised by acid to make ammonium salts
3 of 10
Outline the two methods of preparing amines
substitution with halogenalkane / reduction of nitroarenes
4 of 10
Describe the production of aliphatic amines
heat haloalkane with excess ethanoic ammonia/ nucleophilic substitution/ ammonia in ethanol to prevent OH/ distilled to separate the different products formed
5 of 10
Describe the production of aromatic amines
reduction of nitrobenzene/ Sn and Hal reducing agent 6[H]/ reflux/ makes a salt but by adding NaOH amine produced/ H2O byproduct
6 of 10
What are ago dyes? why are they frequently used in the food industry?
man made dyes/v stable - two aromatic groups/ azo group becomes part of delocalised e system/ characteristic colours result of light absorption of the e-
7 of 10
Outline how azo dyes are made
react phenyl amine with nitrous acid and Hal to produce a diazonium salt and 2water/ temp must be below 10oC to prevent phenol forming/ salt coupled with phenol dissolved in NaOH/ ppt out of solution produces NaCl and H2O
8 of 10
in the production of azo dyes, explain how phenol acts as a coupling agent
the lone pairs on its oxygen incase the e density of the benzene ring - especially around H 2,4,6 - diazonium ion acts as weak electrophile
9 of 10
what are the uses of ado dyes?
bright vivid colours/ food colouring/ stable so will not fade/ artificial aditives but banned as when broken down can make toxins :)
10 of 10
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Explain the basicity of amines
Back
bases because of lone pair of e on N, accepts a proton/ dative bond with H+
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