isomeric molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution), but that differ only in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space.
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Geometrical Isomer
Two stereoisomers have the same chemical formula but the bonds are arranged differently around the C=C double bond.
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Optical Stereoisomerism
Occurs when there are 4 differnt atoms or groups attached to 1 carbon atom. It is therefore assymetric and has a chrial centre.
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Chiral Centre
Is often marked in a chemical formula by an asterisk. When a molecule has a chiral centre, it has 2 isomers which are mirror images of one another, but you cannot superimpose one molecule onto the other.
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Enantiomers
This is what 2 optical isomers are called. Enantiomers have exactly the same physical properties except for the fact that they rotate plane polarized light in opposite directions.
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Dextro-enantiomer and Laevo-enantiomer
dextro will rotate the light clockwise. Laevo will rotate the light anticlockwise.
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Racemic Mixture
A mixture containing equal quantities of two enantiomers.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Geometrical Isomer
Back
Two stereoisomers have the same chemical formula but the bonds are arranged differently around the C=C double bond.
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