3 types of muscle 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyHuman, animal and plant physiologyA2/A-levelOCR Created by: Steff06Created on: 28-05-16 16:36 What are bones also known as? Osteocytes 1 of 23 What components are bones made from? Organic and non-organic components of bone. 2 of 23 What provides strength? Calcium and magnesium phosphate. 3 of 23 What provides flexibility? Collagen. 4 of 23 What are the 3 types of muscle? Smooth muscle (involuntary), cardiac muscle and striated muscle (voluntary). 5 of 23 What filaments do these all contain? Thin actin and thick myosin. 6 of 23 What is smooth muscle innervated by? The nervous system. 7 of 23 Describe the contraction of smooth muscle and the rate the cells tire at Contraction is slow, but cells tire slowly too. 8 of 23 What is smooth muscle triggered to contract by and how are the cells arranged? Triggered to contract by hormones (oxytocin). Appear as cylinders next to each other - cells are long and thin. 9 of 23 Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary? And is it striated? Smooth muscle is involuntary and not striated. 10 of 23 What are examples of where involuntary action happens? Iris of eye - controls light intensity. Walls of intestine - peristalsis. 11 of 23 What does cardiac muscle form and what is it controlled by? Forms cardiac muscle - some myogenic. Controlled by autonomic nervous system. 12 of 23 How are the cell joined and what do they contain? Cardiac muscle cells joined by intercalated discs (cell membranes). Contain gap junctions which allow rapid diffusion. 13 of 23 Describe contraction/relaxation and rate at which cells tire. Contraction/relaxation is powerful and cells do not fatigue. 14 of 23 Is cardiac muscle striated? Yes, cardiac muscle is striated. 15 of 23 What is striated muscle involved in? Movement of skeleton at joints - movement of limbs. 16 of 23 What are the strips in striated muscle caused by? Arrangement of protein fibres in cells. 17 of 23 Describe the contraction of striated muscle and the rate the cells tire Contracts powerfully and quickly. Cells tire quickly. 18 of 23 What can striated muscle be described as? Multinucleate. 19 of 23 What is the sarcolemma? Cell surface membrane which surround the fibres. 20 of 23 Describe the sarcomere Smallest contractile unit of a muscle. 21 of 23 What is the sarcoplasm? Muscle cell cytoplasm. 22 of 23 What does the sarcoplasm contain? Mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, myofibrils. 23 of 23
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