2.2 River Landscapes 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyWater and riversGCSEEdexcel Created by: brendaleighsCreated on: 16-04-16 11:16 River Drainage Basin area of land where rain collects. 1 of 28 Watershed area of high land forming the edge of the river basin. 2 of 28 Channel where a river flows to, with banks and a bed. 3 of 28 Confluence point at which two rivers meet. 4 of 28 Mouth the end of a river, either a lake or sea. 5 of 28 Tributary small river or stream that joins a larger river. 6 of 28 Source where a river begins. 7 of 28 Attrition the load itself being carried bang into each other and break up, becoming smaller. 8 of 28 Corrasion (Abrasion) material is rubbing against the bed and river banks, wearing them away. 9 of 28 Corrosion (Solution) rock particles are dissolved in the water and carried along without being seen. 10 of 28 Hydraulic Action the sheer force of the water removes material from the bank and bed of the river. 11 of 28 Traction large boulders are 'rolled' along the river bed. 12 of 28 Saltation smaller pebbles and stones are 'bounced' along the river bed. 13 of 28 Suspension smaller particles of silt and sand are transported along in the water. 14 of 28 Solution some rocks dissolve in the water if it is slightly. 15 of 28 Waterfalls waterfalls are normally found in the steep upper course. they occur when the soft rock which is below harder rock is eroded away. 16 of 28 Gorges gorges form as the waterfall erodes back upstream. 17 of 28 Meanders meanders are bends in the river that form in the middle course due to lateral erosion 18 of 28 Oxbow Lake oxbow lakes occur once the curve of the river is cut off from the remainder of the river after the river takes the shortest course through the neck. 19 of 28 Levees levees are formed after flood when sediment is deposited on the banks of the river. 20 of 28 Delta deltas are formed downstream when deposition is deposited to create new channels called distributaries. 21 of 28 Human Factors of Flooding land use of the river basin and human activity, such as urbanisation and deforestation. 22 of 28 Physical Factors of Flooding type and amount of precipitation and type of soil and underlying rock. 23 of 28 Channel Straightening (Channelisation) increases speed of water flow which reduces flooding as water drains downstream quicker. 24 of 28 Dams huge walls built across the river to control the amount of discharge. water is caught in the reservoir and steadily released. 25 of 28 Land Use Zoning governments allocate areas of land for different uses, according to the level of flood risk. 26 of 28 Afforestation trees are planted in the drainage basin as they intercept rainfall, reducing amount of water that can reach the river. 27 of 28 Washlands areas of the floodplain which are allowed to flood. 28 of 28
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