21 GB 0.0 / 5 ? HistoryModern Britain - 19th century onwardsA2/A-levelAQA Created by: maxreadCreated on: 07-05-19 21:11 UK population WW2? 33m 1 of 43 peak employment? 2 thirds employed in 1943 2 of 43 what acts passed 39+40? the emergency powers acts 3 of 43 39 epa? allowed gov to regulate any part of life neccersary to secure defense of realm 4 of 43 40 act? introduced war time control of labour, 5 of 43 conscription? mandatory 18-41, later 51 6 of 43 ministry of food and rationing actions? rationing of food 1940, conumer goos 42 7 of 43 rise in size of workforce during ww2? 2m 8 of 43 nickname given to unemplouedconscripted as coal miners? "bevin boys" 9 of 43 effect of war on gold reserves? pre war= £1b 1941= £3m 10 of 43 how was war funded? lend lease with USA amassing huge debts 11 of 43 total ww2 debt? £21billion 12 of 43 what did this lead to? labour "austerity" to pay off this debt 13 of 43 recovery? avg wages compared to price increase, working week, houses built, tv and car ownership 14 of 43 avg wages 51-63? 72% increase 15 of 43 prices 51-63? 45% 16 of 43 working week? 48 hours to 42 17 of 43 tv ownership 51-63? 51= 3m 63= 13m 18 of 43 car ownership? 51= 3m 63= 7m 19 of 43 rationing end? 1954 20 of 43 import prices post war? sudden huge demand for food especially pushing prices up 21 of 43 problem with this? bad BOP issues 22 of 43 1800s BOP position? due to strong exports (40% worlds manafactured goods) had surplus to lend to other countries 23 of 43 effect on pre war BOP? although invisible trade negative, interest from loans pushed to positive 24 of 43 other thing that kept BOP positive? shipping 25 of 43 issue now? sfter loans now owed to USA and losses of shipping all negative 26 of 43 labour reaction to BOP issues? austerity, restricted rationing, holding back on wage increases to reduce imports 27 of 43 what retriction were placed? foreigners restricted from withdrawing money from UK 28 of 43 marshall aid? US give $13 billion to aid european economies in rebuilding 29 of 43 how much did UK get? $3.75 billion 30 of 43 what happened to US ecoonmy 1949? reccesion= less demand for British exports 31 of 43 response of labour government? increased rationing to reduce domestic demand for british goods= reduced prices so exports cheaper 32 of 43 was there policies succesful? 46-50 80% increase in export 33 of 43 what does stop go refer to? stop= deflationary go= inflationary 34 of 43 problems of inflstion reasons? full employment, high demand post war to improve living standards again 35 of 43 unemployment 45-64? avg 1.6% 36 of 43 1957 issue? wages rising faster than productivity= threat of high inflation 37 of 43 effect of this on pound value? may devalue against dollar= more expensive to import 38 of 43 chancellor thorneycroft reaction? wants to limit wages and cut money supply 39 of 43 mac oppostion? didn't want to as woukd increas eunemployment, thorneycroft resigns 40 of 43 1962 BOP defecit? £400m worst since war 41 of 43 nationalisation? 20%, include boe and steel industry 42 of 43 cost of this? £2.7 billion, could've been spent elsewhere 43 of 43
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