20.6- Genome projects

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  • Created by: Megan2413
  • Created on: 27-03-18 21:00
What is the genome?
A complete map of all the genetic material in an organism
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What is the proteome?
All the proteins produced by the genome at a given time under specific conditions
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What is the complete proteome?
The proteome in a given organism
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What is the cellular proteome?
The proteome in a given type of cell
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What technique can be used to determine the complete DNA base sequence of an organism?
Whole genome shotgun (WGS) sequencing
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What does WGS sequencing involve?
Cutting the DNA into many small, easily sequenced sections and then using computer algorithms to align overlapping segments to assmeble to entire genome
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State a medical advancement made as a result of sequencing the human genome
- Over 1.4 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found in the human genome, they are single-base variations in the genome that are associated with disease and disorders - medical screenings of individuals has allowed quick -->
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diagnosis of potential medical problems for early intervention
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What is the human microbiome project?
The genomes of thousands of prokaryotic and single-celled eukaryotic organisms being sequenced for this
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Why is determining the proteome of prokaryotic organisms relatively easy?
The vast majority of prokaryotes have just one, circular piece of DNA that is not associated with histones and doesn't contain introns
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What is the difficulty in determining the proteome from the genome of a complex organism?
The genome of complex organisms contain many non-coding regions (introns) as well as others that have a role in regulating other genes, as few as 1.5% of genes may code for proteins
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Card 2

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What is the proteome?

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All the proteins produced by the genome at a given time under specific conditions

Card 3

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What is the complete proteome?

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Card 4

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What is the cellular proteome?

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Card 5

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What technique can be used to determine the complete DNA base sequence of an organism?

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