1961-1970

?
Which members of the labour party were pro EEC?
Roy Jenkins and George Brown
1 of 98
Who was George Brown?
became foreign secretary in 1966
2 of 98
Who was not keen on the EEC?
Harold Wilson
3 of 98
Why did Wilson want to join the EEC?
he prefered relying on Atlantic alliance and stronger links with the commonwealth
4 of 98
Why did Wilson want to join the EEC?
he could see the strength for economic reasons of going in
5 of 98
In terms of structure why did Britain get rejected from the EEC?
EEC terms and structure had already been set up by the 6 founding states so Britain could not redefine the EEC
6 of 98
In terms of economy why did Britain get rejected from the EEC?
Britain looked financially weak so EEC knew Britain were only applying as they thought they couldn't survive on their own
7 of 98
Why did Goverment try to apply for the EEC?
gained access to European markets, better chance of attracting foreign business, could access European development grants
8 of 98
How did Wilsons relationship with America link into world affairs policies?
Wilson began to rely on his alliances with America to have a say in world affairs
9 of 98
What did this relationship with America do to Britains world affairs policies?
led to his policies being more lenient so that they wouldn't damage Anglo-American relationships
10 of 98
What was happened to Britains role as a world leader?
declining
11 of 98
How did Britains involvement in Rhodesia show that its role was declining?
Smith was able to defy Britain and we had a lack of success that followed
12 of 98
How did Britains retreat from 'East of Suez' show Britians role was declining?
showed how lack of economic power made us less of a world power
13 of 98
Where did Biafra try to declare independence from?
Nigeria
14 of 98
When did Biafra declare independence?
1967
15 of 98
Why did Biafra try to declare independence?
due to the awful conditions they were suffering due to the country being made up of different religions
16 of 98
What did Biafra declaring independence lead to?
civil war
17 of 98
Who did Britain support in the Biafra crisis?
the Nigerian goverment
18 of 98
Why did Wilsons support of the Nigerian goverment cause problems?
Many in Britain supported Biafra so damaged Wilsons reputation
19 of 98
Why did the public support Biafra?
press reported on terrible effect the war was having on people of Biafra- images horrified western world
20 of 98
Who won the Biafran civil war?
Biafra were defeated
21 of 98
What led to Rhodesia goverment changing their policy?
pressures from South Africa did what British sanctions failed to do
22 of 98
When did Rhodesia accept the kissinger plan?
1976
23 of 98
Who wrote up the Kissinger Plan?
America
24 of 98
What did the Kissinger Plan set out for Rhodesia?
set out steps leading to majority rule
25 of 98
What war broke out against Smiths regime?
Bush war
26 of 98
When did the Bush war begin?
1972
27 of 98
Who were Rhodesia getting support from for the war?
South Africa
28 of 98
When did South Africa stop helping Rhodesia?
1974
29 of 98
Why did South Africa withdraw support from Rhodesia?
Saw the tide was changing and reduced support to Rhodesia
30 of 98
When did Wilson meet Smith for face to face talks?
1966
31 of 98
What were the result of Wilson and Smiths talks?
agreements were made but Smith went back on them
32 of 98
What did Wilson do the get Smith to cooperate?
Tried oil sanctions but had little effect
33 of 98
What did Ian Smith do?
he led the goverment that declared independence from Britain in 1965
34 of 98
Why did Britain pull out of their bases in 'East of Suez'?
Suez crisis undermined Britains confidence in playing the world policeman, nuclear weapons provided a cheaper alternative, logical step after decolonisation
35 of 98
Why were Britain reluctant to pull out of Gulf?
Alot of oil came from Gulf
36 of 98
When was the Devaluation crisis?
1967
37 of 98
What did Devaluation crisis lead to?
spending cuts
38 of 98
Who introduced the spending cuts?
Roy Jenkins
39 of 98
How did Jenkins spending cuts link to East of Suez?
massively accelated withdrawal from the bases because it became more expensive to pay troops out there
40 of 98
Why did Britain enhance nuclear weapons when leaving 'east of suez'?
still considered a world power if they had nuclear deterrants
41 of 98
Who started 'East of Suez'?
Dennis Healey
42 of 98
Who was Dennis Healey?
Minister of Defence
43 of 98
What did Dennis Healey want to do?
wanted to withdraw from places in the middle east and Asia
44 of 98
When did Dennis Healey want withdrawal from 'East of Suex' to have taken effect?
1971
45 of 98
Why did Healey want to withdraw from 'East of Suez'?
wanted to cut expenditure
46 of 98
What does 'East of Suez' mean?
Britains military and naval bases and commitments in the Middle East and Asia
47 of 98
In terms of politics why did Wilson not support the US in the Vietnam war?
It became hugely unpopular in Britain especially with the left so risked loosiing political support if he was too suportive
48 of 98
In terms of economy why did Britain not suppport the US?
Britain couldnt afford military involvement
49 of 98
Why did Wilson give moral support to America?
Wilson needed the US to support the value of the sterling to avoid devaluation
50 of 98
What was the US reaction to Britain giving moral support?
Angered US who wanted greater support
51 of 98
What was Britains reaction to Britain giving moral support?
angered labour Mps who wanted Wilson to condemn the US
52 of 98
Why was there the Vietnam war?
America supported South Vietnam to overthrow the communist North
53 of 98
What was the publics reaction to soldiers in Ireland?
British soldiers were welcomed by both communities
54 of 98
Why did the British military begin to lose support from Catholics?
It became percieved that the British Army were protecting the Unionists
55 of 98
Who were the Republicans in Ireland?
Northern Ireland should be part of the Republic of Ireland.
56 of 98
What were Republicans also known as?
Nationalists
57 of 98
What religion mainly made up Republicans?
Mainly Catholics
58 of 98
Who were the Unionists in Ireland?
Remain part of the UK
59 of 98
What were the Unionist also known as?
Loyalists
60 of 98
What religion mainly made up the Unionists?
mainly protestants
61 of 98
What was the extreme Republican party?
Sinn Fien
62 of 98
What was the moderate Republican party?
SDLP
63 of 98
What was the extreme Unionist party?
DUP
64 of 98
What was the moderate Unionist party?
UUP
65 of 98
Who were NICRA made up of?
Nearly a third of students at Queens University, Belfast- came from a Catholic minority
66 of 98
Why did NICRA originally form?
local politicans could not control the admission to higher education since it was administrated directly from London
67 of 98
Who did NICRA compare themselves to?
Black civil rights movement in the US
68 of 98
When was the NICRA march?
1968
69 of 98
What did the NICRA march end in?
RUC baton charge
70 of 98
Why did the baton charge on the NICRA cause further violence?
it was a civil rights movement and was set up as peaceful
71 of 98
What was the NICRA seen as?
Turning point in Irish relations
72 of 98
When was Wilsons second election?
March 1966
73 of 98
How many seats did Wilson win?
110
74 of 98
What successful by-election did Labour win?
Hull
75 of 98
How much of the popular vote did labour win in the 1966 election?
48%
76 of 98
What was the result of this large victory on labour?
Brought about high expectations as labour could finally bring about change
77 of 98
What was Wilsons reaction to the election in 1966?
did not boost his confidence- refused to give interviews to the bbc
78 of 98
What did Wilsons worry about the payment deficit lead him to do?
Approached the IMF
79 of 98
When did Wilson ask for the IMF loan?
1967
80 of 98
Who did Wilson blame for the problems with the economy?
Union troublemakers
81 of 98
What did the IMF loan show about the goverment?
seemed to be losing control over the economy
82 of 98
Who proposed 'in place of strife'?
Barbara Castle
83 of 98
Who was Barbara Castle?
Bevanite, pro-union, left wing
84 of 98
What was strength and weakness of 'In place of strife'?
would strengthen unions however was seen as too radical
85 of 98
What was the aim of 'In place of strife'?
aim to use the law to limit the amount of unofficial strikes
86 of 98
what was the reaction to 'In place of strife'?
unions and the left hated the proposal. Labour Mps were ready to rebel and there was fear of a split in the labour party
87 of 98
What did James Callaghan say about 'In place of Strife'?
said it would alienate the labour party from trade unions who provided bulk of their money
88 of 98
What was the effect of 'In place of Strife' for Wilson?
faced humiliating climb down
89 of 98
When was the Pay freeze introduced?
1966
90 of 98
Why did Wilson introduce the Pay Freeze?
Wilson was convinced balance of payments deficit and inflation were a major threat
91 of 98
What did Wilson want the Pay freeze to do?
regulate demands for wage increase
92 of 98
What was set up to manage the pay settlements?
Prices and income board
93 of 98
What did Wilson promise unions after introducing wage freeze?
promised improved workers rights
94 of 98
Who resigned over the pay freeze?
Frank cousins (leader of biggest union)
95 of 98
What did the wage freeze lead to?
Strikes, e.g. seamans strike
96 of 98
What did Wilson see the strikes as?
more than industrial disputes- saw them as attacks on Britain by a group of Marxist extremists and were damaging economic welfae of the nation
97 of 98
What was unions reaction to what Wilson said about the strikes?
unions were angered and said that Wilson used these strikes as an excuse for poor preformance of the economy
98 of 98

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who was George Brown?

Back

became foreign secretary in 1966

Card 3

Front

Who was not keen on the EEC?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why did Wilson want to join the EEC?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why did Wilson want to join the EEC?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar History resources:

See all History resources »See all The making of modern Britain resources »