1.7 Enzyme action

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  • Created by: Dane
  • Created on: 01-12-19 09:42
What type of protien are enzymes
Globular Protiens
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What do enzymes act as
Catalysts
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What are catalysts
They alter the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing permanent changes within themselves
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Why are they effective in small amounts
They can be reused readily
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For the following reaction to take place naturally; Sucrose + water ---> gluecose +fructose, what conditions mus be met
The substrates must collide with enough energy to alter the arrangement of their atoms
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what other conditions must be met relating to its free energy
The free energy of the products must be must be less than the reactants
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what conditions must be met relating to the amount of energy needed to start the reaction
It requires an initial amount of energy to start. The minimum amoutn of energy needed to activate the reaction is called the activation energy
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What is an activation energy
It is like a hill or a barrier which must be overcome before the reaction can proceed
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How do enzymens effect the activation energy
They lower the activation energy level
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Considering the fact they allow reactions to happen at a lower temperature than usual, why is this beneficial
It enables metabolic processes to occur rapidly at the human body temperature of 37 degrees, which allows reactions to proceed at a fast enough rate to sustain life
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What part of the enzyme is described as functional
The active site
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What is the name of the molecule in whic the enzyme acts
The substrate
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What is an enzyme substrate complex
Its a small depression within the enzyme in which the substrate is held by bonds temporarily formed between certain amino acids at the active site and groups on the substrate molecule
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What is a scientific model
A representation of how something works
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What does the induced fit model propose
This proposes the active site forms as the enzyme and the substrate interact
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How does this change occur
The proximity of the substrate causes a change in the enzyme that forms the functional active site
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As the enzyme changes shape what happens to the substarte molecule
it puts a strain on the substrate molecule which distorts a particular bond kin the substrate consequently lowering the activation energy needed to break the bond
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Name an earlier model of enzyme action
Lock and key modl
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What does this model state
The shape of the substrate (key) will only fit in the active site of one particular enzyme (Lock)
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What observation supports this model
Enzymes are specific in the reactions they catalyse
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What is a limitation to this model
the enzyme like a lock is considered to be a rigid structure
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What did scientists observe as a limitation
other molecules could bind to the enzyme in places other than the active site causing a change in the structure
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why is the induced fit model a better explaination for enzyme action
it was initally a developement of the lock and key model as it suggests that the enzyme's active site changes slightly so that the substrate can fit
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What do enzymes act as

Back

Catalysts

Card 3

Front

What are catalysts

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why are they effective in small amounts

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

For the following reaction to take place naturally; Sucrose + water ---> gluecose +fructose, what conditions mus be met

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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