14.1 Structure of RNA

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Where does the synthesis of proteins predominately take place?
The cytoplasm
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How is the code on DNA transferred to the cytoplasm?
Sections are transcribed onto the single-stranded mRNA which diffuses through the nuclear pores.
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What are the types of RNA?
messenger RNA, transfer RNA, small interfering RNA.
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How does the code on the mRNA differ from that on the DNA?
It is complementary, and the thymine is substituted for urasil.
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What does the term codon refer to?
The triplet of bases on mRNA which code for an amino acid.
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What is a degenerate code?
More than one codon can code for the same amino acid.
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What is a universal code?
The same codons code for the same amino acids in all organisms.
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What sugar is found in RNA and DNA?
Ribose sugar, deoxyribose sugar.
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Why is mRNA easily broken down?
So it only exists while it is needed to manufacture the specific protein.
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What shape is tRNA?
Single-strand, folded into a clover leaf shape. One end of the chain extends on, where the aminno acid attaches.
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What is the side of tRNA that attaches to the mRNA called?
Anticodon
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What is a non-overlapping code?
Each base is read only once.
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Card 2

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How is the code on DNA transferred to the cytoplasm?

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Sections are transcribed onto the single-stranded mRNA which diffuses through the nuclear pores.

Card 3

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What are the types of RNA?

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Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

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How does the code on the mRNA differ from that on the DNA?

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Card 5

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What does the term codon refer to?

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