1.2.1 TO 1.2.5

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  • Created by: Leah
  • Created on: 28-04-13 17:12
What is the definition of Underweight?
Weighing less than your expected weight OR being in the underweight category on the BMI scale/chart. NOT NECESSARILY UNHEALTHY
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What is the definition of Overweight?
Weighing more than your expected weight OR being in the overweight category on the BMI scale/chart. NOT NECESSARILY UNHEALTHY
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What is the definition of Obese?
Very overfat. YOU CANNOT BE HEALTHY AND OBESE
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What is the definition of Overfat?
Carrying more fat than normal/expected on the body. NOT NECESSARILY OVERWEIGHT. NOT HEALTHY.
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What is the definition of expected weight?
Expected/normal weight for your height, age and gender
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What is the definition of optimum weight?
The weight you perform best at during/for your sport
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What things affect expected and optimum weight?
Gender, Bone structure, Muscle girth (height-less important)
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Give the definition of muscle girth
The measurement of the circumference of your muscles when they are flexed
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What are the 3 somatotypes?
Mesomorph, Ectomorph, Endomorph
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What are the characteristics of a Mesomorph?
Wide shoulders and narrow hips, muscular with strong arms and thighs, little body fat
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What are the characteristics of a Ectomorph?
Tall/thin,Thin face and high forehead with narrow shoulders hips and chest, long thin arms and legs with little fat or muscle
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What are the characteristics of a Endomorph?
Dumpy, wide hips and narrow shoulders, fat on body arms and legs with fairly thin ankles and wrists
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What is the definition of Anorexic?
Seriously underweight. VERY UNHEALTHY. Is an eating disorder, the person believes they are overweight and starves them self, they have weak bones, no energy and their muscles waste away
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What are the effects of nicotine?
Causes throat and chest irritations, makes you short of breath, affects your cardiovascular and respiratory systems, increases risk of heart disease, lung cancer and other diseases
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What are the effects of alcohol?
Slows reactions, causes muscles to tire more quickly, affects speech co-ordination and judgement, causes eventual damage to your liver, kidneys, heart, muscles, brain and digestive and immune systems
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What does BADSNaP stand for?
Beta blockers, Anabolic steroids, Diuretics, Stimulants,Narcotics/analgesics, Peptides and hormones
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What do Beta blockers do, what are the effects of them and what sports are they used in?
Beta blockers relax and slow the heart rate CAUSE-Nausea, diarrhoea, low blood pressure and tiredness USED IN-Snooker, archery and shooting
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What do Anabolic steroids do, what are the effects of them and what sports are they used in?
Anabolic steroids enable you to train harder, recover quicker and build muscle faster than usual CAUSE-High blood pressure, liver damage and increased risk of heart attack USED IN-Athletics and weightlifting
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What do Diuretics do, what are the effects of them and what sports are they used in?
Diuretics are used to cause weight loss by fluid loss CAUSE-Dehydration, headaches and dizziness USED IN-Boxing and horse racing
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What do Stimulants do, what are the effects of them and what sports are they used in?
Stimulants increase alertness and off-set lactic acid CAUSE-Anxiety, insomnia and an irregular and increased heart rate USED IN-Football and rugby
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What do Narcotics/analgesics do, what are the effects of them and what sports are they used in?
Narcotics/analgesics reduce pain and mask injury CAUSE-Loss of concentration,balance and co-ordination. Enables risk for further injury USED IN-Most sports
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What do Peptides and hormones do, what are the effects of them and what sports are they used in?
Peptides and hormones increase the number of red blood cells, meaning more oxygen can be carried CAUSE-Thickening of the blood and increases the risk of heart attack/stroke USED IN-Athletics and rowing
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Why do you need to warm up?
PULSE RAISER-Increases the heart rate to help get oxygen to muscles DYNAMIC STRETCHES-Increase mobility/flexibility around the joints, giving a bigger range of movement meaning that you are less likely to damage a muscle ALL-Psychological preparation
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Why do you need to cool down?
LIGHT JOG AND STATIC STRETCHES-Prevent blood pooling and DOMS, rgets rid of lactic acid build up, decreases the heart rate and psychologically prepares you to stop exercising
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What is Balanced competition?
Making sure you are playing with people of the same size, strength and skill. If the sport has gender divisions ensure that the sport is played by gender
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Why do you need to check the equipment and facilities before participating in sports?
You must ensure you use the right equipment and check its in good condition, ensure lifting,carrying and placing equipment is done using the correct technique and check for possible dangers in the area you are playing sports
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Why do you need to know all the rules for the sport you are playing?
Some rules are there to stop injuries occuring, the correct technique ensures safety in game play and officials ensure fair play
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Why do you need to ensure you are wearing the correct clothing for your sports activity?
You must not wear anything that can get caught, must have suitable footwear to decrease injury risk and use protective clothing/equipment if required or appropriate
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What is the job of the circulatory system?
Helps control body temperature, Transports substances(oxygen, glucose, CO2, nutrients, water and waste), Protects the body(blood contains-cells,antibodies and clotting agents), the heart acts as a double pump and the system carries red blood cells
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What are the short term effects of exercise on the circulatory system?
Increased stroke volume(ml), increased heart rate, increased cardiac output(HRxSV=CO), Increased BP(systolic up, diastolic stays the same)
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What are the long term effects of exercise on the circulatory system?
Faster recovery time between exercise sessions, decreases RHR(quicker recovery), Hypertrophy of heart, Increased stroke volume(ml), increased cardiac output(HRxSV=CO), likely lower BP
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What things affect blood pressure and why?
AGE-BP increases with age, GENDER-men usually have higher BP than women, STRESS-can cause increased BP, EXERCISE-Fitter means BP is likely to be lower, DIET-salts and saturated fats can increase BP and cholesterol levels(LDL and HDL)
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What causes high BP and what can high BP lead to?
CAUSES-Temporary rise caused by nicotine, gradual increase the more you drink alcohol LEADS TO-Angina, heart attacks and strokes
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What is the job of arteries and how are they suited to this job?
Arteries carry blood away from the heart at high pressure, so they have thick outer and inner(muscle and elastic) walls
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What is the job of veins and how are they suited to this job?
Veins carry blood to the heart at low pressure, so they have thin outer and inner(muscle and elastic) walls
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What is the job of capillaries and how are they suited to this job?
Capillaries carry blood to the cells, so they are only one cell thick
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What is vasoconstriction?
Happens when you get too cold and stop sweating, the capillaries get narrower and the blood is diverted from the skin
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What is vasodilation?
Happens when you get too hot and start excreting water as sweat, the capillaries widen and the blood goes to the skins surface
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What is systolic?
The high value of blood pressure when the heart contracts
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What is diastolic?
The low value of blood pressure when the heart releases
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the definition of Overweight?

Back

Weighing more than your expected weight OR being in the overweight category on the BMI scale/chart. NOT NECESSARILY UNHEALTHY

Card 3

Front

What is the definition of Obese?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the definition of Overfat?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the definition of expected weight?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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